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Search Results

"Ernest Hogan"

Marker Number	2282
County	Warren
Location	401 Kentucky St., Bowling Green
Description	Born Reuben Crowdus on April 17, 1865 in Bowling Green, Ky. He left home at age 12 to sing in minstrel shows. He became prominent as a songwriter in the 1890s. In 1895, he wrote “La Pas Ma La” & promoted it as first published ragtime song. Many regarded him as the “Father of Ragtime,” a new genre of music, from which many other types of music developed. (Reverse) A pioneer in black entertainment, he was one of the best-known and highest-paid performers of early ragtime era. He starred in major minstrels, vaudeville, and musical comedy. In 1898, Hogan had the starring role in the first black show to play in major Broadway theatre. He died on May 20, 1909 and is buried in the Mt. Moriah cemetery.
Subjects	Actors , African American , Bowling Green , Musicians

"Horrible Massacre"

Marker Number	2283
County	Shelby
Location	US 60, 1/2 mile west of Simpsonville
Description	On January 25, 1865, Co. E. 5th United States Colored Calvary (USCC) attacked by Confederate guerillas while driving herd of 900 cattle to Louisville. About 22 men killed and at least eight severely wounded. Based at Camp Nelson, nearly all of the recruits were former slaves. The 5th also fought in 1864 Saltville battles. (Reverse) African American Cemetery- The 5th USCC troopers killed in 1865 Simpsonville slaughter were buried in a mass grave by local residents. Area used as African American cemetery. Members of the Trim #2 United Brothers of Friendship Lodge operated the cemetery until the last member died in 1965. Lodge hall located in Simpsonville.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Civil War

"Little Africa"

Marker Number	2074
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, Virginia Ave. & I-264
Description	Located west of 32nd and south of Garland Ave., "Little Africa" was original African American section of Parkland. Settled in 1870s, African Americans first called it "Needmore." "Little Africa" evolved from a shantytown into a thriving community by 1920, with several hundred homes, six churches, and various businesses and schools. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation. (Reverse) "Little Africa" embodied the black self-help ethic. The Parkland Improvement Club helped to add items such as cinder walks and mailboxes to the community. The town of "Little Africa" disappeared ca. 1948 when work began on the Cotter Homes Project, named for early resident, poet, and educator Joseph S. Cotter (1861-1949). Presented by African American Heritage Foundation.
Subjects	African American

8th of August

Marker Number	1957
County	McCracken
Location	Paducah, Community Center, 505 S. 8th St.
Description	Traditionally on August 8, African Americans assemble in Paducah to celebrate freedom and pay tribute to their roots. They gather annually for dances, ballgames, and picnics, as a family occasion and in a spirit of community remembrance. In some years people have come from as far away as St. Louis, Memphis, and Chicago. Presented by Paducah-McCracken Co. Tourist Comm.
Subjects	African American , Paducah

African American Business District

Marker Number	1958
County	Boyle
Location	Danville, Constitution Sq., 2nd St. between Main & Walnut
Description	In this block a thriving African American business district stood for over 100 years. Restaurants, barber and beauty shops, medical and dental offices, and retail shops drew patrons from Boyle and nearby counties. Until razed by urban renewal in 1973, the district was a center of local African American social and economic life. (Reverse) Doric Lodge No. 18 (F. & A.M.-P.H.A.) - Danville's Doric Lodge No. 18 was founded 1888 as Boyle Association and moved to this site in 1920. For 50 years, the lodge was a cultural and social center of the African American community of Boyle County. Donations of $1,000 by each of ten members of the brotherhood secured a loan enabling construction of building in 1920. Over.
Subjects	African American

African American Elks

Marker Number	1956
County	Kenton
Location	Covington, 229 East 11th St.
Description	Covington native Benjamin F. Howard (1860-1918) was co-founder, with Arthur J. Riggs of Shelbyville, of the first national African American Elks organization, called Improved Benevolent Protective Order of Elks of the World. Chartered in Ohio, 1899; Howard elected as first Grand Exalted Ruler. Covington's Ira Lodge No. 37 formed in early 1900s. Presented by City of Covington and Kentucky African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American

African Cemetery No. 2

Marker Number	2110
County	Fayette
Location	419 East Seventh St., Lexington
Description	Earliest recorded cemetery in Lexington to be organized, owned, and managed by African Americans. The site has been in existence since 1869. Trustees of Benevolent Society No. 2 successfully operated cemetery. Many individuals buried here were important leaders in the community. See over. Presented by African Cemetery No. 2, Inc. and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission. (Reverse) African Cemetery No. 2 - Buried here are leaders of: Ladies Auxiliary Society No. 2, Colored People's Union Benevolent Society No. 1, Lexington A and M Fair of Colored People, Colored Orphan Industrial Home, the horse-racing industry, early public schools for African Americans, individuals for social and economic advancement after Civil War. Members of the U.S. Colored Troops buried here.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Civil War

African-American Physicians

Marker Number	1928
County	Fayette
Location	118 North Broadway, Lexington
Description	Site of office building which housed prominent African-American physicians and pharmacy. Among the doctors who practiced here between 1909 and 1930 were Obed Cooley; Nathaniel J. Ridley; J.C. Coleman; John Hunter, first African-American surgeon at St. Joseph's Hospital; and Joseph Laine, who later founded a medical clinic in Louisville. Presented by Professor Doris Wilkinson, Historical Sociologist at University of Ky.
Subjects	African American , Hospitals , Physicians

Albert B. "Happy" Chandler

Marker Number	1984
County	Henderson
Location	Park Field, Adkinson Park, off Elm St., Henderson
Description	This Henderson Co. native (1898-1991) was state sen. and lt. gov. before becoming governor in 1935 and 1955. U.S. sen., 1939-45. As baseball commissioner, he approved contract making Jackie Robinson first modern black major league player, 1947. Chandler elected to Baseball Hall of Fame, 1982. Presented by Henderson World Series Association, Inc. (Reverse) Albert Benjamin Chandler - This colorful orator and two-term governor was born near Corydon, Ky. As governor, Chandler was driving force behind establishment of Univ. of Ky. Medical Center, later named in his honor. Buried at Pisgah Presbyterian Church, Versailles. Park Field in Henderson was site of the 1996 Bambino World Series dedicated to "Happy" Chandler. Presented by Henderson World Series Association, Inc.
Subjects	African American , Baseball Hall of Fame , Chandler, Albert Benjamin "Happy" , University of Kentucky

Albery Allson Whitman

Marker Number	2194
County	Hart
Location	600 East Union St., Munfordville
Description	A noted 19th century African American poet, Whitman was born into slavery in Hart County on May 30, 1851. Self-educated, by age 22 he had published two books of poetry, Essay on the Ten Plagues and Other Miscellaneous Poems and Leelah Misled. He moved to Zanesville, Oh., and wrote a third book, Not a Man and Yet a Man. (Reverse) After attending Wilberforce Univ., he became a minister in the A.M.E. Church. He is remembered for narrative poems celebrating the potential of African Americans emerging from slavery. The street north of this marker is named in his honor.
Subjects	African American , Poets , Slavery

Alexander Walters (1858-1917)

Marker Number	1771
County	Nelson
Location	Bardstown, at the A.M.E. Zion Church, 219 East Brashear Ave.
Description	This 24th bishop of A.M.E. Zion Church was born in Bardstown and educated under church auspices. Local A.M.E. Zion Church sponsored him for ministry. Licensed to preach, 1877; elected bishop, 1892. Served as president of National Afro-American Council and Pan African Conference. He was a leader of National Negro Committee, which later became NAACP.
Subjects	African American

Alice Allison Dunnigan - 1906-1983

Marker Number	1960
County	Logan
Location	Russellville, at City Park
Description	Born near Russellville, Logan Co., the granddaughter of slaves, Alice Dunnigan gained recognition as a journalist and civil rights leader. During an 18-year teaching career, she also wrote for African American newspapers and continued her education. Based in Washington, D.C., in 1940s, she reported on government at the highest levels. (Reverse) Civil Rights Activist/Author - In 1948, Alice Dunnigan was first black reporter on campaign trail with a president-Truman. Under Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, she was member of President's Committee on Equal Opportunity. Author of: A Black Woman's Experience-From Schoolhouse to White House (1974) and The Fascinating Story of Black Kentuckians: Their Heritage and Traditions (1982). Over.
Subjects	African American , Books , Journalists , Truman, Harry S.

Alonzo "Lonnie" Clayton

Marker Number	2321
County	Jefferson
Location	2100 Bashford Manor Lane, Louisville
Description	African American Jockey- On May 11, 1892, at the age of 15, he became the youngest jockey to win the Kentucky Derby. He rallied Azra to an impressive victory at 2:41.5. Won over 24 stakes races from 1891-98. He rode in 3 more Ky. Derbies, 1893-97. In the fall of 1893, he was honored with the Churchill Downs jockey crown. (Reverse) Born in Kansas City, Mo. in 1876, he followed his brother into the riding profession. At age 12, he went to Chicago to become an exercise rider. With his first win in 1891, he came to Louisville to ride for Bashford Manor Stables, which stood here from 1887-1970. Had 4 major victories in 2 years he rode for them. He died in 1917.
Subjects	African American , Horse racing , Kentucky Derby

Andrew Jackson Smith

Marker Number	2107
County	Lyon
Location	Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area, approx. 3 mi. S. of Grand Rivers
Description	This Medal of Honor recipient was born a slave in Lyon County, Ky., on September 3, 1843. Andrew Jackson Smith escaped to Union Army at 19 and fell in with 41st Illinois. Wounded at Battle of Shiloh. Recuperated at Clinton, Illinois, where he heard that blacks could join the Union Army. He mustered in Co. B, 55th Mass. Colored Infantry, May 16, 1863. (Reverse) Medal of Honor - Posthumously awarded Medal of Honor in 2001 for gallantry for saving regimental colors when color bearer was killed at the Battle of Honey Hill in South Carolina, Nov. 30, 1864, during Civil War. He lived, bought, and sold land in Between The Rivers area after war. Died 1932. Buried at nearby Mt. Pleasant Cemetery. Presented by Between The Rivers, Inc.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Medal of Honor Winners , Shiloh, Battle of , Union Army

Anna Mac Clarke (1919-44)

Marker Number	1970
County	Anderson
Location	Courthouse lawn, Lawrenceburg
Description	This Lawrenceburg native was one of the first black women in Ky. to enlist during World War II. She joined Women's Army Auxiliary Corps in 1942, and was commissioned a 1st Lieutenant the next year in newly named Women's Army Corps. While stationed at Douglas Air Field, Arizona, she led fight to desegregate base theater. Presented by Ky. African American Heritage Commission. (Reverse) Anna Mac Clarke (1919-44) - A 1937 graduate of Lawrenceburg's Colored High School, Clarke earned B.A. from Ky. State College. After army enlistment, she became only African American in 15th Officer Training Class at Ft. Des Moines, Iowa. In 1943, she was first black WAAC assigned to duty with an all-white company as platoon commander (4th Co., 3rd Regt.). Buried Woodlawn Hills Cem., Stringtown.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Kentucky State College , Schools , World War II

Baseball Great

Marker Number	1762
County	Union
Location	2-1/4 mi. from Morganfield at entrance to Earle C. Clements Job Corps Center, US 60
Description	Jackie Robinson (1919-1972) began his professional baseball career while a lieutenant at Camp Breckinridge, 1944. The next year Branch Rickey, Brooklyn Dodgers general manager, signed the four-sport letterman from UCLA for Montreal Royals, top Dodger farm club. In 1947, Robinson promoted to Dodgers team, breaking major league color barrier. Elected to Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
Subjects	African American , Baseball Hall of Fame , Camps , World War II

Baseball Great

Marker Number	2164
County	Union
Location	S. Third St.
Description	Jackie Robinson (1919-72) began his professional baseball career while a lieutenant at Camp Breckinridge, 1944. The next year Branch Rickey, Brooklyn Dodgers general manager, signed the four-sport letterman from UCLA for Montreal Royals, top Dodger farm club. In 1947, Robinson promoted to Dodgers team, breaking Major league color barrier. Elected to Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
Subjects	African American , Baseball Hall of Fame , Sports

Berrytown

Marker Number	1982
County	Jefferson
Location	Berrytown, Haefer Ln. & LaGrange Rd.
Description	This eastern Jefferson County community began with five acres purchased in 1874 by Alfred Berry, a freedman. Other Berrytown founders were Wm. Butler, Sallie Carter, and Kidd Williams, all of whom bought land from Samuel L. Nock, a wealthy businessman. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc. (Reverse) Berrytown - In the 1870s, Berrytown and Griffytown were created by freed African Americans. In 1915 Anchorage PTA got a train carrying the Liberty Bell to stop at neighboring schools, including Berrytown and Griffytown. Until 1934, the Interurban Car System electric trolley transported residents into Louisville. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American

Berrytown Cemetery

Marker Number	2032
County	Jefferson
Location	Cem. Entrance, Berrytown Rd.
Description	This cemetery became focal point for the Berrytown community, which began when Alfred Berry purchased five acres in 1874. Berrytown Cem. was purchased on June 23, 1890, by United Brothers of Friendship Lodge #83. As trustees, Lodge members maintained cemetery and, in 1902, constructed its columns and entrance gate. Presented by Jefferson Co. Commissioner Russ Maple. (Reverse) Berrytown Cemetery - Berrytown Cemetery's more than 300 burials include the Berry family, other early settlers, and several military graves. Since 1984, Berrytown Cemetery has been owned and operated by a corporation formed by area residents and continues to exemplify the traditions of African American community building. Presented by Jefferson Co. Commissioner Russ Maple.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries

Birthplace of Herman Chittison

Marker Number	2075
County	Fleming
Location	Public Library, 303 South Main Cross St., Flemingsburg
Description	Born in Flemingsburg, October 15, 1908, to Charles and Sarah Jane Chittison. He played hymns at Strawberry Methodist Church as a child. Attended Walden College in Nashville, 1924; later Ky. State Industrial College for Colored Persons in Frankfort. Began his musical career with Zach Whyte's Chocolate Beau Brummels, 1928. Presented by Fleming Co. Bicentennial Com. (Reverse) Herman Chittison recorded on both American and French labels as a soloist and accompanist for Ethel Waters and Mildred Bailey. Toured with comedian Stepin Fetchit and trumpeter Louis Armstrong. Played "Ernie" in radio series Casey, Crime Photographer (1942-51). Played several prominent clubs in New York during 50s and 60s. Died 1967 and buried in Cleveland, Ohio.
Subjects	African American

Bond-Washington School

Marker Number	2049
County	Hardin
Location	1/2 mi. SE of Elizabethtown, Cemetery Park
Description	This site purchased in 1869 by the trustees of the African School of Elizabethtown. It was the location of District A School from 1888-1923, when East Side High School was built with aid from the local African American community and the Rosenwald fund. Renamed Bond-Washington Graded and High School, 1928. Served as high school until 1956; elementary school until 1959. (Reverse) Julius Rosenwald Fund - Funded in 1917 by Booker T. Washington's Tuskegee Institute and Julius Rosenwald, a Jewish businessman, philanthropist, and president of Sears, Roebuck and Co. Fund provided for construction of 158 schools in Ky. between 1917 and 1932 to offer quality education to African Americans. This led to education of over 500,000 students. Presented by City of Elizabethtown and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Schools

Boneyville

Marker Number	2268
County	Lincoln
Location	Near Boneyville Baptist Church, 3.5 mi. SW of Stanford
Description	One of several “free towns” in Lincoln Co. Created in 1867 from Hugh Hays’ estate and named for founder, Napoleon Bonaparte Hays (1838-1907). “Boney” earned freedom in 1864 enlisting at Camp Nelson as Pvt., Co. C., 12th Regt. U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery during Civil War. One of founders of AME Church in Stanford & the Boneyville School. (Reverse) Alfred Simpson (1828-1905), a former slave, purchased 225 acres in Boneyville. He helped establish one-room school after Civil War. It was used until about 1961. Marriage joined the Hays & Simpson families. Many descendants still reside in this area. Community supports two churches, Bethel AME and First Missionary Baptist.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Civil War , Schools

Booker T. Washington School

Marker Number	2184
County	Boyd
Location	Central Avenue
Description	School’s first two-year high school class graduated in 1925 and first four-year class in 1932. J. J. Rogers was principal of Booker T. Washington from 1903 to 1922; Charles B. Nuckolls followed and served from 1922 to 1962, when the school closed due to desegregation. *Given by the City of Ashland. School’s first two-year high school class graduated in 1925 and first four-year class in 1932. J. J. Rogers was principal of Booker T. Washington from 1903 to 1922; Charles B. Nuckolls followed and served from 1922 to 1962, when the school closed due to desegregation. *Given by the City of Ashland
Subjects	African American , Schools , Washington, Booker T.

Burks Chapel A.M.E. Church

Marker Number	1518
County	McCracken
Location	635 Ohio St., Paducah
Description	Organized ca. 1871 at home of Dinah Jarrett with 12 members. Named for its founder, Moses Burks. On this site was first structure, a frame church. Brick church built, 1874. In 1911, under the Rev. P. A. Nichols, the present edifice was constructed. Rev. G. H. Matthews became pastor in 1960 and made many worthwhile improvements. Presented by The Gleaners Club, Catherine Means, Pres.
Subjects	African American

Calvary Baptist

Marker Number	1845
County	Jefferson
Location	28th & Woodland Ave., Louisville
Description	Black members of Walnut Street Baptist Church formed own congregation by 1829, and began worshipping on Market St. They acquired lot on Fifth & York, 1833; held services there until 1957. The church played an especially prominent role under the ministry of educational and civil rights leader C. H. Parrish, 1885-1931. Present site purchased, 1958. Presented by The Versatilia Club of Calvary.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Civil Rights

Camp Nelson

Marker Number	2222
County	Jessamine
Location	Camp Nelson, US 27 south of Nicholasville
Description	Founded in 1863 as a Union supply depot, hospital, and encampment, in 1864 Camp Nelson became Kentucky's largest, and nation's third largest, recruitment center for African-American soldiers, the U.S.Colored Troops (USCT). Eight USCT regiments were organized here and saw action in Kentucky and Virginia. Over. (Reverse) The USCT were emancipated from slavery upon enlistment and many brought their wives and children into camp, who were freed after a March 1865 Congressional Act. 23,300 slaves were freed here. Camp Nelson included 4,000 acres and 300 buildings and provided men and supplies for Knoxville, Atlanta, and Saltville- Marion, Va., campaigns. Over.
Subjects	African American , Camps , Civil War , Slavery , Union Army

Camp Nelson Refugee Camp

Marker Number	1965
County	Jessamine
Location	Camp Nelson, New US 27 at Hall Rd.
Description	Established in 1863 to house families of African American soldiers, Camp Nelson became the chief center issuing emancipation papers to former slaves. Army's withdrawal from camp in 1866 exposed refugees to violence of white "regulators," who were opposed to presence of freed African Americans. See over. (Reverse) Conditions at Refugee Camp - Many women and children died from disease and exposure to weather in make-shift camp. Brutal expulsion of refugees from camp in winter of 1864 was fatal to many. Only efforts by Rev. John G. Fee and other humanitarian workers improved conditions. A school, a hospital, and permanent housing later served up to 3,000 African Americans in their transition to freedom. Over.
Subjects	African American , Camps

Centerville Baptist Church

Marker Number	2178
County	Bourbon
Location	246 Russell Cave Rd., Hwy. 353
Description	Established in 1867 under Rev. Thomas Gant after members left the fellowship of First Baptist Church, Paris, Rev. Elisha Green, pastor. Current church structure of wood mold brick built in 1904. Membership includes descendants of the original congregation.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

Chambers Ave./Ed Davis School

Marker Number	2112
County	Scott
Location	Georgetown, Ed Davis Park, Chambers Ave.
Description	Site of school built in 1894 for African American students. First principal, Charles Steele was founder of the school and of black education in Georgetown. He served until his death in 1908. Edward B. Davis, principal 1908-34, added a two-year high school in 1911 and four-year program in 1924. Presented by Ed Davis Reunion Committee. (Reverse) Chambers Ave./Ed Davis School - Under Davis's leadership, school became one of 19 black high schools accredited in Kentucky. Name changed to Ed Davis School in 1929. Football team "Mud Turtles" won Blue Grass Conference in 1929, 1930, 1949; tied with Dunbar, 1948. Grade school closed, 1937. Supreme Court's 1954 ruling on segregation led to high school's closing, 1956. Presented by Ed Davis Reunion Committee.
Subjects	African American , Schools , Sports

Charles H. Parrish, Jr. (1899-1989)

Marker Number	2008
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, U of L, Belknap Campus, Parrish Ct.
Description	In 1950-51 University of Louisville campus was integrated. One African American professor came from Louisville Municipal College, where only blacks had previously been enrolled. Charles H. Parrish, Jr., a noted sociologist and a lifelong civil rights activist, became the first black professor at a white southern school. U of L Bicentennial Committee. (Reverse) Charles H. Parrish, Jr. - In 1959 Parrish became first black department head at U of L, chairing the sociology department. He studied under the noted American sociologist George Herbert Meade at the University of Chicago. His work as an activist yielded friendships with many Civil Rights era luminaries. This place of gathering is named in his honor. U of L Bicentennial Committee.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Louisville , University of Louisville

Charles W. Anderson, Jr. 1907-1960

Marker Number	1964
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 600 W. Jefferson St., in front of Hall of Justice
Description	First African American elected to a southern state legislature in 20th century; six consecutive terms in Gen. Assembly, beginning in 1935. A Republican from Louisville, he sponsored repeal of Ky.'s public hanging law; funds for African Americans to attend graduate school outside Ky.; and employment of African Americans in government. (Reverse) Charles W. Anderson, Jr. - Received Lincoln Institute Key (1940) for outstanding service to African Americans. Anderson served two terms as president of National Negro Bar Association, beginning in 1943. Assistant Commonwealth's Attorney for Jefferson Co., 1946. President Eisenhower appointed him to serve as an alternate U.S. Delegate to United Nations General Assembly in 1959. Over.
Subjects	African American

Charles Young Birthplace, 1864-1922

Marker Number	124
County	Mason
Location	2 mi. W. of Wedonia, KY 24
Description	Third Negro to graduate from West Point Military Academy. Colonel, United States Army. Distinguished for his service in Haiti and Liberia as a military organizer, map maker and road builder.
Subjects	African American

Cheapside Slave Auction Block

Marker Number	2122
County	Fayette
Location	Northeast corner of Courthouse lawn & Short St., Lexington
Description	African Americans were sold as slaves at Cheapside Auction Block on the public square in the 19th century. Lexington was the center of slave trading in Ky. by the late 1840s and served as a market for selling slaves farther south. Thousands of slaves were sold at Cheapside, including children who were separated from their parents. (Reverse) Slavery in Fayette Co. - On the N.E. corner of the Fayette Courthouse lawn stood the whipping post established in 1847 to punish slaves for such offenses as being on the streets after 7 p.m. Fayette Co. was one of the largest slaveholding counties in Kentucky. By 1860, one in four residents of the city of Lexington were slaves. Presented by the Lexington Alumni Chapter Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity.
Subjects	African American , Lexington , Slavery

Churchill Downs

Marker Number	1885
County	Jefferson
Location	Ky. Derby Museum, 704 Central Ave., Louisville
Description	Organized in 1874 as Louisville Jockey Club by sportsman Col. M. Louis Clark. Track built on land leased from Clark's uncles, John and Henry Churchill. Twin-spired grandstand, a National Historic Landmark, first used in 1895. Col. Matt Winn (1861-1949) assumed management in 1902, saving track from bankruptcy. Under his leadership, Churchill Downs known worldwide as Ky. Derby site. (Reverse) Kentucky Derby - Referred to as the "Run for the Roses," the first Kentucky Derby was run on this track, May 17, 1875. Black jockey Oliver Lewis rode H. P. McGrath's Aristides to victory. The 11/4 mile race for three-year-old Thoroughbreds is the oldest continuously run stakes race in America, "greatest two minutes in sports," and the first jewel in racing's Triple Crown.
Subjects	African American , Horses , Kentucky Derby , Louisville

Colored Orphan Industrial Home

Marker Number	1963
County	Fayette
Location	644 Georgetown St., Lexington
Description	Led by Mrs. E. Belle Mitchell Jackson, orphan home opened here 1894. Orphans and other black youth learned to read and write and acquired a trade; also refuge for elderly women. By 1909 home consisted of 18 acres and 2 brick houses. Burned in 1912. A new building dedicated 1913; serves as Robert H. Williams Cultural Center.
Subjects	African American , Lexington

Desegregation of Murray State College

Marker Number	2191
County	Calloway
Location	Murray State University campus, Murray
Description	Shortly after the historic U.S. Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education, et. al. decision, Murray State College "with all deliberate speed," welcomed Mary Ford Holland of Kuttawa, Ky., as a student in the summer of 1955. Holland's enrollment earned her the distinction of being Murray's first African American student. (Reverse) Holland's enrollment at Murray State occurred without incident. In the fall of 1955, four more African American students enrolled. They were Geneva Arnold, Bobby Brandon, Arlene Keyes, & Willie Earl Perry-graduates of Murray's segregated Frederick Douglass High School.
Subjects	African American , Schools , Murray State College

Desegregation of UK

Marker Number	2022
County	Fayette
Location	UK campus, Administration Circle, Lexington
Description	In 1948 Lyman T. Johnson filed suit for admission to UK. In March 1949 Federal Judge H. Church Ford ruled in Johnson's favor, and that summer nearly 30 black students entered UK graduate and professional programs. Undergraduate classes desegregated in 1954. Class of 1999. (Reverse) Lyman T. Johnson (1906-1997) - Educator and civil rights leader Lyman T. Johnson led the fight for the desegregation of UK. A Tennessee native, he was an educator in the Louisville Public Schools for forty years and served as president of the Louisville NAACP. UK awarded Johnson an honorary degree in 1979. Class of 1999.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Louisville , University of Kentucky

Dr. James Bond (1863-1929)

Marker Number	1663
County	Jefferson
Location	930 W. Chestnut St., Louisville
Description	Born in Woodford County during slavery, James Bond was raised in Knox Co. He led a young steer to Berea College for his tuition. In 1896, became a trustee of Berea. After Day Law passed, he joined college's staff as fund raiser for Lincoln Institute. Served as Dir. of State YMCA for blacks and the first Dir. of Kentucky Commission on Interracial Cooperation. Over. (Reverse) Early Leader and Educator - James Bond, a student of theology, obtained his B.D. from Oberlin in 1895 and D.D. from Berea in 1901. He was YMCA Service Director at Camp Taylor during World War I, traveled state in civil rights endeavors and facilitated compromise which established Chickasaw Park. Bond was the Kentucky delegate to YMCA Convention in Finland, 1926. Over.
Subjects	African American , Berea College , Camps , Civil Rights , World War I

Dr. James E. Randolph (1888-1981)

Marker Number	2152
County	Kenton
Location	St. James AME Chirch, 120 Lynn St., Covington
Description	Born in Missouri, Randolph earned a medical degree from Meharry College in Nashville, Tenn., in 1917. He moved to Covington in 1922 and opened an office on Greenup St., where he practiced for 59 years. He was the first African American physician at St. Elizabeth Hospital and the first to be admitted to the Campbell-Kenton Medical Society. (Reverse) Among Dr. Randolph’s several honors are the La Salette Academy’s Gold Medal for service to the community (1976) and the Eastside Neighborhood Park that bears his name (1974). In 1997, he was posthumously inducted into the Northern Ky. Leadership Hall of Fame. Randolph is buried at Mary Smith Cemetery in Elsmere, Ky.
Subjects	African American , Hospitals , Physicians

Early Congregation

Marker Number	1495
County	Franklin
Location	210 W. Clinton St., Frankfort
Description	The A.M.E. Church was established in Frankfort, 1839, by Negroes before days of emancipation. First structure built on Lewis Street. Building and ground given by Mrs. Triplett, a white lady, to her servants, Benjamin Dunmore and Benjamin Hunley. In 1881, Rev. D. S. Bentley gave the name "St. John" to the A.M.E. Church. Present church built in 1893.
Subjects	African American

Edward Dudley Brown (1850-1906)

Marker Number	2027
County	Woodford
Location	Main St., Midway
Description	This well known African American horse owner, trainer, developer, and jockey was born into slavery, 1850. Raised as a stable boy near Midway, he was nicknamed "Brown Dick" after the record-setting racehorse of that name. Brown was associated with great horses such as Asteroid, Ducat, and Kingfisher. Presented by City of Midway and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission. (Reverse) Noted Horseman - "Brown Dick" worked with Kentucky Derby winners Baden Baden (1877), Ben Brush (1896), and Plaudit (1898). He died at a friend's house in Louisville, May 1906, of tuberculosis and was returned to Midway for burial. He was inducted into National Museum of Racing's Hall of Fame on August 8, 1984. Presented by City of Midway and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Derby Winners , Horse racing , Horses , Louisville

Elisha Green - Religious Leader

Marker Number	1962
County	Mason
Location	127 West Fourth St., Maysville
Description	Born into slavery in Bourbon County, Elisha Green grew up in Mason County at "Glen Alice" farm outside Maysville. He later purchased freedom for himself and part of his family. A spiritual leader, he helped form African American Baptist churches in Maysville and Paris, Ky., and preached to many congregations. (Reverse) Elisha Green, Religious Leader - Believing freedmen needed to own land, Green and a white landowner founded African American community near Paris. Politically active, he was chosen a vice president of the Ky. Negro Republican Party at Lexington convention in 1867. He remained a dynamic force in Baptist churches in Maysville and Paris until his death in 1889. Over.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

Famous Inventor, 1877-1963

Marker Number	1493
County	Bourbon
Location	Tenth & Vine Sts., Paris, KY 627
Description	Sites of birthplace of Garrett A. Morgan, and Branch School, which he attended, are 1/4 mile south. He invented the tri-color traffic signal, forerunner of the present type, and a gas mask worn in rescue work at Cleveland, Ohio, 1916. His mask was the basis for one used in World War I. In his honor the Claysville area is renamed "Garrett Morgan Place."
Subjects	African American , Inventors , World War I

Farmington

Marker Number	2231
County	Jefferson
Location	3033 Bardstown Road, Louisville
Description	Historic residence completed 1816 for John and Lucy (Fry) Speed. The Jefferson-inspired plan by Paul Skidmore includes octagonal rooms, rare in 19th c. Kentucky. As many as 64 African Americans enslaved at Farmington worked the 550-acre hemp plantation. Abraham Lincoln spent three weeks here in 1841 as guest of the family of his closest friend, Joshua Speed. (Reverse) After his visit, Lincoln described a group of shackled slaves he saw on his steamboat trip home. Later he called the memory a “continual torment to me.” During the Civil War the Speeds supported the Union and Joshua’s ties to Lincoln helped secure Kentucky for the Union. Lincoln appointed James Speed Attorney General in 1864.
Subjects	African American , Architects , Civil War , Hemp , Lincoln, Abraham , Slavery

First Baptist Church

Marker Number	1716
County	Scott
Location	209 W. Jefferson St., Georgetown
Description	Organized 1811, its first meeting house erected here, 1815. Howard Malcom, pastor and president of Georgetown College, urged relocation of church near college and lease of original site to black congregation, 1842. G. W. Dupee, a slave, was first official pastor; 19 have served church. Reuben Lee was pastor when present edifice built, 1870. Presented by First Baptist Church.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Georgetown College , Schools

Forest Home Cemetery

Marker Number	2094
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 3650 Petersburg Rd.
Description	Forest Home Cemetery evolved from an old slave burial ground and is final resting place of Eliza Curtis Hundley Tevis (ca. 1802-84) and other early settlers of Petersburg community. Tevis was born a slave but gained freedom in 1833. She and her husband Henry purchased 40 acres in 1851 in Wet Woods, where Tevis had lived for many years. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation. (Reverse) Forest Home Cemetery - Tevis was a significant African American landowner in antebellum Jefferson County. After the Civil War, the Tevis property and 40 adjacent acres purchased by Peter Laws were subdivided by 1880 to form rural African American community of Petersburg. Forest Home Cemetery is located near site of Tevis home and is one of oldest dedicated African American burial grounds in Ky.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Slavery

Free-Town Church

Marker Number	1347
County	Monroe
Location	2 mi. W. of Gamaliel, KY 100
Description	Built in 1846 by freed slaves of William Howard, who gave them 400 acres on which to build homes, known since then as Free-Town. Albert Martin gave them the land for the church. No replacements of the original building material of this church, except for metal roof in place of old wooden one. The logs are held together by wooden pegs and chinked with clay.
Subjects	African American

Gov. Albert B. Chandler (1898-1991)

Marker Number	1900
County	Woodford
Location	Jct. Pisgah Pike & US 60
Description	Known as "Happy," this Henderson Co. native was state senator and lt. gov. before becoming governor in 1935 and 1955. U.S. senator, 1939-45. As baseball commissioner, he approved Jackie Robinson's contract, making Robinson the first black player in major league baseball, 1947. Chandler elected to Baseball Hall of Fame, 1982. Over. (Reverse) Albert Benjamin Chandler - This colorful orator and two-term governor began his law practice in Versailles. As governor, he was the driving force behind the establishment of the University of Kentucky Medical Center, later named in his honor. "Happy" Chandler lived in Versailles and is buried in the Pisgah Cemetery in this county.
Subjects	African American , Baseball Hall of Fame , Cemeteries , Chandler, Albert Benjamin "Happy" , Schools , University of Kentucky

Gov. Simeon Willis (1879-1965)

Marker Number	1815
County	Boyd
Location	Between 1608 and 1612 Bath Ave., Ashland
Description	Judge on Kentucky's highest court 1927-1933; Governor 1943-1947. His administration extended State Park System, increased funding for education, expanded TB hospitals, ended most toll bridge charges, founded Postwar Planning Comm. and Comm. on Negro Affairs. Born in Ohio, he moved to Ky. as a child and later practiced law in Ashland, living at 1608 and 1612 Bath Ave.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Hospitals

Ham Brown Log Cabin

Marker Number	2249
County	Nelson
Location	801 Taylorsville Rd., Bloomfield
Description	Prior to the Civil War, Ham Brown was “a free man of color.” On May 21, 1866, he purchased the cabin in Bloomfield and it remained in his family until 1980. Ham, a shoemaker, and Adeline Brown had seven children. Vacant and in disrepair, the cabin was moved to Walnut Groves farm and restored in 1998. Cabin was built ca. 1850 as slave quarters.
Subjects	African American , Slavery

Harrod's Creek

Marker Number	2038
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, NE corner of Shirley Ave. & Salt River Rd.
Description	James Taylor (1885-1965) was chiefly responsible for the modern Harrods Creek community. Ambitious entrepreneur, Taylor purchased land from Mary Shirley Helm in 1919 and began to sell lots to other African Americans in 1923. The Taylor Subdivision became the nucleus for a thriving suburban African American community. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation. (Reverse) Harrod's Creek - African American community near Harrods Creek developed after Civil War when large estates were subdivided and African Americans settled in southern Oldham Co., along Harrods Cr., in Prospect, and in "The Neck" near Hoskins Rd. The Jacob School, built 1916 and named for former slave Jefferson Jacob, is a surviving landmark. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation.
Subjects	African American , Creeks , Schools

Historic Land

Marker Number	1806
County	Fayette
Location	540 West Maxwell St., Lexington
Description	The land upon which Pleasant Green Baptist Church stands was conveyed in 1822 by Dr. Frederick Ridgely, a white surgeon in Lexington, to trustees Harry Quills, Benjamin Admon, and Solomon Walker, all slaves, for purpose of erecting an African church. From date of deed, black congregation has continued to worship at this site.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

Home of I. Willis Cole

Marker Number	1998
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 2217 West Muhammad Ali
Description	Louisville pioneer in civil rights movement, Cole fought against segregation in public parks and on street cars. Ran for state senate on Lincoln Party ticket in 1922. Black votes provided necessary margin to get 19 bond issues passed which financed founding of Madison and Jackson Junior High Schools and Louisville Municipal College. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc. (Reverse) I. Willis Cole, 1887-1950 - Militant editor and sole owner of The Louisville Leader and I. Willis Cole Publishing Co. (1917-1950). A race paper boasting, "We print your news, we employ your people, we champion your cause." Cole wielded power of the press to combat racism. A noted business and civic leader, devout churchman, and inductee of the National Negro Press Hall of Fame.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Germans , Louisville , Newspapers , Schools

Jacob Price

Marker Number	1821
County	Kenton
Location	Jacob Price Homes, Greenup St., Covington
Description	This prominent black businessman owned and operated a lumberyard at 426-428 Madison Avenue. As a Baptist minister, Price was major figure in development of city's black churches. He was also a leader in obtaining free public education for blacks in northern Kentucky. Died in 1923. Jacob Price housing project named to honor his accomplishments.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

John Gregg Fee (1816-1901)

Marker Number	2076
County	Bracken
Location	Germantown, Community Center, KY 875
Description	Fee received degree from Augusta College; went to Lane Theological Seminary. Had spiritual experience which began career as nationally known and determined abolitionist. A founder of Berea College who wanted low-cost education for "all persons of good moral character," regardless of race. Wrote several pamphlets advocating racial reform. Presented by Bracken Co. Historical Society and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission. (Reverse) Arnold Gragston - While living on the Jack Tabb farm, Gragston, born ca. 1840, helped many slaves escape to freedom. This African American rowed slaves from Dover (Mason Co.) across Ohio River under cover of dark nights. Almost caught returning from one crossing, he escaped to woods. After more than four years of helping others, he crossed river and became a free man. Died, 1938.
Subjects	African American , Berea College , Ohio River , Slavery

John William Bates (1855-1945)

Marker Number	2186
County	Boyle
Location	School grouunds, Danville
Description	Original site of Bate High School, built 1912 and named in honor of its founder, John William Bate. Born a slave in Louisville, Bate received an AB from Berea College in 1881 and an AM in 1891. He moved to Danville to teach in 1881 and served community there as distinguished educational leader for 59 years. Over. Retiring at age 85, Bate noted: “I found a one-room school and I left a building of twenty rooms. I was the one teacher and now there are 15. I found 6 students and left a school with 600.” His foresight and dedication provided opportunities for African American children to achieve. Over. Given by Danville Bd. of Ed./Bate Alumni Assoc.
Subjects	African American , Schools , Bates, John William

Jonesville

Marker Number	2052
County	Warren
Location	Western Ky. Univ. Campus, Univ. Blvd. & US 68/80, Bowling Green
Description	This African American community was founded after the Civil War. It was bordered by Dogwood Dr., Russellville Road, and the railroad tracks. The community grew to include several hundred residents, an elementary school, businesses, and two churches. Frame and hand-hewn stone houses lined the streets of Jonesville. Presented by Western Kentucky University. (Reverse) Jonesville - The lives of most residents of this close African American community revolved around church, school and family activities. In the late 1950s Jonesville was one of two areas in Bowling Green designated for urban renewal. By 1968 the state had acquired the land and sold it to the university. Presented by Western Kentucky University.
Subjects	African American , Bowling Green , Western Kentucky University

Joseph Alexander Matthews (1902-1970)

Marker Number	1995
County	Harlan
Location	Benham, Main St., near Ky. Coal Mining Museum, KY 160
Description	Principal of the East Benham High School, 1934-60. Matthews taught math and coached ball teams. The students were children of employees of Wisconsin Steel Coal Company. Joseph Matthews and his wife Ruth were leaders in black community and bought food, clothes, and supplies for the needy. Presented by Students, Faculty, and Friends and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Coal , Schools

Jug Band Pioneer

Marker Number	2291
County	Jefferson
Location	1200 block of River Road, Louisville Waterfront
Description	Earl McDonald (1885-1949) helped establish Louisville as the home of jug band music. An accomplished jug blower, vocalist, composer, leader, & recording artist. Bands in Australia, Europe, and Japan continue to admire, perform, and emulate his 42 recorded tunes of the 1920s and 1930s.
Subjects	African American , Musicians

Kentucky Fugitives to Canada

Marker Number	2072
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, Main at corner of 4th St.
Description	Thornton and Lucie (also called Ruthy) Blackburn were slaves in Louisville, 1830-31. Thornton was hired out to Wurts and Reinhard's store at 4th and Main. When Lucie was sold to Virgil McKnight, the two escaped by steamboat. They were claimed two years later in Detroit by owners. The couple was rescued in "The Blackburn Riots of 1833," Detroit's first racial riot. (Reverse) Lucie and Thornton escaped to Canada. Two attempts to extradite them were refused. They moved to Toronto and began the first taxi service in Upper Canada while continuing to assist other fugitive slaves. Thornton died in 1890 and Lucie in 1895. Designated "Persons of National Historic Significance" by the Canadian Government. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Slavery

Kentucky State University

Marker Number	1752
County	Franklin
Location	Maryland Ave. entrance to Kentucky State University, Frankfort
Description	John H. Jackson, before becoming first president of college, headed black teachers' assoc. in Kentucky and promoted establishment of schools for instruction of black teachers. His efforts led to legislation founding college which became Ky. State. He served 1887-1898 and 1907-1910. First permanent building, Jackson Hall, was named for him. Hall listed on the National Register. (Reverse) Kentucky State University - School was chartered 1886; opened 1887 with three teachers and 55 students. The first state-supported institution of higher education for blacks, school gained funds from legislature for building and teachers, and from Frankfort city council for site and clearing of grounds. Ky. State accredited as four year college in 1931; achieved university status 1972. Over.
Subjects	African American , Kentucky State College , National Register of Historic Places , Schools

Knights of Pythias Temple

Marker Number	1662
County	Jefferson
Location	930 W. Chestnut St., Louisville
Description	The Knights of Pythias Lodge was organized in 1893 and the state headquarters built, 1915, at a cost of $130,000. The same prominent leaders organized the Lodge and Chestnut Street YMCA. Among those founding fathers were Albert Mack, W. H. Wright, and Albert Meyzeek. Known for their social and civic activities, the Pythians served as role models for black youths. Over. (Reverse) Hub of Culture and History - The Pythias Temple housed many professional offices and facilities for serving the community. It included USO for blacks and office of James Bond, civil rights leader. Some 25,000 blacks attended the National Pythian Convention in this city, 1925. Lodge declined after Depression; Temple sold to Chestnut St. YMCA, 1953. Listed on National Register of Historic Places, 1978.
Subjects	African American , National Register of Historic Places

Ky African American Civil War Memorial

Marker Number	2226
County	Franklin
Location	Greenhill Cemetery, Frankfort
Description	The African American Civil War Memorial in Greenhill Cemetery is only monument in state honoring the nearly 25,000 Kentuckians who served in the United States Colored Troops. The names of 142 men from central Ky are etched on monument. Memorial dedicated in July 1924. (text same on reverse)
Subjects	African American , Civil War

Lewis and Clark in Kenucky - York

Marker Number	2119
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, at end of Fourth St. on the Wharf
Description	This enslaved African American, who lived most of his life in Louisville, went on Lewis and Clark Expedition to the Pacific, 1803-6. York was the first African American to cross the U. S. coast to coast and made important contributions to the success of the expedition. (Reverse) York - York, a Clark family slave born ca. 1772, moved with them to Jefferson Co. from Va. in 1785. Inherited by Wm. Clark from father John in 1799. After return from expedition to the West, York lived in Louisville and worked as a wagon driver. Freed after 1815. Clark reported that York died in Tenn. before 1832. Sponsored by The Filson Historical Society and the African American Heritage Foundation.
Subjects	African American , Clark, William , Lewis and Clark Expedition , Louisville , Slavery

Lexington Colored Fair Association

Marker Number	1961
County	Fayette
Location	644 Georgetown St., Lexington
Description	Started in 1869 by the Lexington Colored Agricultural and Mechanical Assoc., the annual fair promoted racial achievement and offered entertainment which attracted thousands from Ky. and beyond. When located on Georgetown Pike, the site had an exhibition hall, amphitheatre, and racetrack. (Reverse) Successful Enterprise - Though similar fairs were held statewide, Lexington's Colored Fair was most successful, lasting well into the 1930s. Fairs were as popular as Emancipation Day among the state's black citizens. Cash prizes were awarded winners in categories from livestock and racing to music and floral display. The fairs showed African American accomplishments since emancipation.
Subjects	African American , Lexington

Lincoln Institute Campus

Marker Number	1930
County	Shelby
Location	8460 Shelbyville Rd., Simpsonville
Description	Founded by Berea College trustees with Pres. Frost main fundraiser. This occurred after Day Law (1904) stopped coeducation of whites and blacks. In 1909, Berea board bought three farms totaling 444 acres for a school. Lincoln Institute opened to 85 black students on October 1, 1912. It stressed teacher training and industrial education. See over. Presented by National Alumni Association. (Reverse) Lincoln Institute Campus - Well known black leaders were financial agent James Bond and later Pres. Whitney M. Young, Sr. Institute designed by the New York firm of Tandy and Foster (black architects). In 1947, school became part of public education system. It opened as institute for gifted but disadvantaged youth, 1967. School officially closed in 1970. Over. Presented by National Alumni Association.
Subjects	African American , Architects , Berea College , Schools

Louisville Cemetery

Marker Number	1992
County	Jefferson
Location	Eastern Pkwy. at Poplar Level Rd., property owned by Louisville Cem.
Description	Original 31 acres incorporated Mar. 23, 1886, by prominent black citizens Bishop W. H. Miles, H. C. Weeden, J. Meriwether, A. J. Bibb, W. P. Churchill, William H. Gibson, Sr., and Felix Johnson. Buried here are Dr. Robert B. Scott, cofounder of Louisville Red Cross Hospital; educator Atwood S. Wilson; blues guitarist Sylvester Weaver; and community activist Bessie Allen. (Reverse) William Walker, Sr. (1860-1933) - Born a slave in Woodford County, jockey William "Uncle Bill" Walker won 1877 Kentucky Derby on Baden-Baden. Churchill Downs' leading rider between 1875 and 1878, he retired from saddle in 1896. An expert on Thoroughbred pedigree in America, Walker was instrumental in developing modern racehorse. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Horse racing , Horses , Kentucky Derby , Louisville

Louisville Municipal College

Marker Number	2020
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 7th & Ky. Sts.
Description	Located on original site of Simmons University and Bible College, a black institution. Opened on Feb. 9, 1931, as the segregated branch of University of Louisville in response to black political activism. It was third municipally supported college for blacks in the U.S., offering liberal arts and pre-professional programs. Presented by Louisville & Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc. (Reverse) Louisville Municipal College - University of Louisville trustees voted to desegregate university in April 1950, closing Louisville Municipal College in 1951. One faculty member, Dr. Charles H. Parrish, Jr., son of president of Simmons University, joined U. of L. as first black faculty member of a white university in the south. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American , Louisville , Schools , University of Louisville

Louisville Western Branch Library

Marker Number	1545
County	Jefferson
Location	604 South Tenth St., Louisville
Description	This Carnegie-endowed library was one of the first in the nation to extend privileges to the black community. The library was first in William M. Andrews' residence at 1125 West Chestnut, now gone. The present library was designed by the architectural firm of McDonald and Dodd and was opened in October of 1908. (Reverse) Louisville Western Branch Library - Thomas F. Blue (1866-1935), a theologian by training, joined the branch in 1908 as librarian. He designed a training program for blacks in library science which was instituted on a national scale. The library has served also as a community and cultural center for many years.
Subjects	African American , Architects , Library , Louisville

Luska Joseph Twyman (1913-1988)

Marker Number	2019
County	Barren
Location	Glasgow Public Square, Beulah Nunn Park, Glasgow
Description	Born in Hiseville (Barren Co.). Graduate of Kentucky State Univ.; later member of Board of Regents. Also studied at Indiana Univ. and Peabody Coll. As principal of Ralph J. Bunche School, Twyman led its merger with Glasgow High School to achieve integration. On Kentucky Education Association Board of Directors. Buried, Bear Wallow Cem. (Reverse) Luska Joseph Twyman - Twyman was first African American elected to a full term as mayor of a Ky. city (Glasgow). Served 1968-1985. He was first black Kentuckian on U.S. Commission of Agriculture; served on Ky. Advisory Committee of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. He was in U.S. Army during WW II in Philippines, 1942-1946. Presented by City of Glasgow.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Schools , World War II

Lynch Colored High School - West Main High School

Marker Number	2109
County	Harlan
Location	Lynch, 278 W. Main St., KY 160
Description	This brick facility was built in 1923 by the United States Coal and Coke Co., then leased to Lynch Colored Common Graded School District. Students from Benham and Lynch enrolled in the high school. The first four graduates received their diplomas in 1928. See over. Presented by Lynch Pirates Alumni Association. (Reverse) Lynch Colored High School - West Main High School - W. L. Shobe was principal, 1939-56, and was an outstanding and progressive administrator. After Professor Shobe's retirement, Coach John V. Coleman promoted to principal; school name changed to West Main High. School had many notable students and athletes. Presented by Lynch Pirates Alumni Association and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Coal , Schools

Maddoxtown

Marker Number	2238
County	Fayette
Location	Huffman Mill Rd., Lexington
Description	One of many freetowns in central Kentucky, settled by former slaves during the post-Civil War period. So named after white landowner Samuel Maddox who first sold small lots to African Americans in 1871. By 1877, seven families lived in Maddoxtown and worked on Mount Brilliant and other area farms. (Reverse) The first Maddoxtown church was erected in 1875 and served for a time as a community school. Land for present First Baptist Church was purchased in 1877. Will Harbut, famous groom for Man O’ War, lived in Maddoxtown from the early 1920s until his death, October 3, 1947.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Man o' War

Merriwether House

Marker Number	2079
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 6421 River Rd.
Description	On Jan. 6, 1891, Harry Merriwether purchased 1.5 acres overlooking Harrods Creek from Allison family. Property transferred to his grandson, Harry Hall Merriwether, May 3, 1898, who built the unique house that stands today. The Merriwether family engaged in farming and built and managed docks and cottages for vacationers on Harrods Creek. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation. (Reverse) Merriwether House - Harry and Isaac Merriwether were the first African American landowners in the Harrods Creek area. After Harry Hall Merriwether's death in 1954, his wife, Elenora, maintained the property. Merriwether House is only surviving structure of this early African American community and remains in the Merriwether family. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation.
Subjects	African American

Moneta J. Sleet, Jr. (1926-1996)

Marker Number	2036
County	Daviess
Location	Owensboro, 714 W. 7th St.
Description	Born in Owensboro, Sleet was a graduate of Ky. State College and New York Univ. Beginning in 1955, he worked as photojournalist for Jet and Ebony magazines for 41 yrs. During the 1950s-60s, his photos documented the African struggle for independence and the American civil rights movement. He inspired a generation of photographers. Presented by City of Owensboro and Messenger-Inquirer. (Reverse) Pulitzer Prize Winner - As friend of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., Sleet covered the Selma to Montgomery (Ala.) March and later King's Nobel Peace Prize ceremony. In 1969, he won Pulitzer Prize for photo of Coretta Scott King at Dr. King's funeral (first African American photographer to receive this award). His work has been part of numerous museum exhibitions.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Kentucky State College , King, Rev. Martin Luther, Jr. , Schools

Murray Atkins Walls - Civil Rights Pioneer

Marker Number	2134
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, 2105 Lexington Rd.
Description	Born in 1899 in Indianapolis, Walls earned an M.A. from NY's Columbia Univ. As a teacher, she developed an early black history program in Indiana. In 1930s, Walls worked to secure public housing for blacks in Louisville. In 1940s, she led demonstrations at the whites-only main library and helped hire black clerks in a dept. store. (Reverse) Murray Atkins Walls - Civil Rights Pioneer - Murray Walls led the movement that integrated Girl Scout programs and camps by 1956. She was a Girl Scout trainer, the first black woman to serve on the Girl Scout Board of Directors, and the Ky. State Board of Education. Walls died in 1993. See over. Presented by Girl Scouts of Kentuckiana.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Women

New Zion

Marker Number	1938
County	Scott
Location	4 mi. from Georgetown, KY 922
Description	On Nov. 23, 1872, former slaves Calvin Hamilton and Primus Keene purchased 23 acres. They sold plots to other freedmen and formed black community of Briar Hill; it was later named New Zion. Keene sold land for community well, school, and church. Calvin Hamilton's home survives. Descendants of founders still live in New Zion. Presented by Scott County Fiscal Court.
Subjects	African American

Noted School Site

Marker Number	1898
County	Jefferson
Location	550 W. Kentucky St., Louisville
Description	Designed in 1873 by B.J. McElfatrick, architect, as first black public school in Ky. Central Colored School served as cultural and educational center for city's black community until 1894. Then, because of overcrowding, Central relocated. Education continued here for eight more decades. From 1916 to 1970, this was the Mary D. Hill School, named for kindergarten pioneer.
Subjects	African American , Architects , Schools

Old Catholic High School

Marker Number	1793
County	Jefferson
Location	428 S. 8th St., Louisville
Description	Site of Kentucky's only Catholic high school for blacks. It existed at this location from 1928-1958, operated by the Archdiocese of Louisville. Founded in 1921, the school was administered by pastors of St. Augustine and St. Peter Claver churches, with Sisters of Charity of Nazareth and lay staff as teachers. Desegregation led to the school's closing in 1958.
Subjects	African American , Catholic Church , Schools , Sisters of Charity of Nazareth

Old Providence Church

Marker Number	1068
County	Clark
Location	5 mi. S. Winchester-Richmond Rd., at Old Stone Rd.
Description	Daniel Boone attended; Squire, Jr., Samuel and Mary Boone baptized here. Church name changed, 1790, from Howard's Creek to Providence. William Bush, a member of Boone's second Kentucky expedition, built the present stone structure of native limestone. United Baptists formed here in 1801. Building was passed to Negro Baptists, 1870. Restored after slight fire damage, 1949.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Boone, Daniel

Ora Porter (1880-1970)

Marker Number	2149
County	Warren
Location	700 block of College St., Bowling Green
Description	Ora Porter, born in Butler Co., in 1880, moved to Bowling Green at age 10. She graduated from Tuskegee Institute School of Nursing and was among the earliest registered nurses in Ky. She was an organizer of the George Washington Carver Community Center, the Interracial Commission, an active campaigner for civic improvement. Died, 1970.
Subjects	African American , Women

Petersburg

Marker Number	1988
County	Jefferson
Location	Petersburg/Newburg Community, Indian Trail & Petersburg Rd.
Description	Named Petersburg after freedman Peter Laws built log cabin in area after Civil War. Oral tradition holds that freed slave Eliza Curtis Hundley Tevis farmed here from about 1820. She and her husband bought 40 acres at Indian Trail and (now) Petersburg Rd., 1851. As a land and slave owner, Tevis prospered and became a strong religious influence in the community. Over. (Reverse) Newburg - Newburg ("new town" in German) was settled in 1830s by four German immigrant families. Located near Poplar Level and Shepherdsville Roads, it became a coach stop to Louisville in 19th century. It had a post office, hotel, shops, and homes. Descendants of freed slaves remain in the area today. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American

Pilgrim Baptist Church

Marker Number	2239
County	Woodford
Location	133 East Stephens St., Midway
Description	This church was organized on the second Sunday in January 1872 by Reverend James Knox Polk and 16 charter members. Rev. Polk was pastor for 47 years until his death in 1918. First church located on Parrish St. (now Walnut St.) and converted to African American school. Present church built in 1892 on this site. Membership was over 900 at one time.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

Polk's Infirmary / Mammoth Insurance Co.

Marker Number	2153
County	Fayette
Location	149 Deweese Street, Lexington
Description	Dr. John Polk, an African American physician in Lexington, practiced medicine at 166 Deweese St. before moving to 148 Deweese by 1921. Succeeding him in this building was Dr. J. R. Dalton. The infirmary served African Americans in area. In 1999, this former health center became the home of Lexington-Fayette County Urban League. (Reverse) Founded 1915 in Louisville, Mammoth Life and Accident Ins. Co. opened district office at 149 Deweese. It offered employment opportunities and fair rates to African American community. At its peak, Mammoth had 750 employees and sold policies in eight states. In 1992 Mammoth merged with Atlanta Life and the Kentucky offices closed.
Subjects	African American , Lexington , Physicians

Rev. William H. Sheppard

Marker Number	2055
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, Jct. Hancock & Jacob Sts.
Description	Born in Waynesboro, Virginia, in 1865, Sheppard attended Hampton and Stillman Institutes. Sent to the Belgian Congo in 1890, he served as missionary in Africa until 1910. Became a fellow of the Royal Geographic Society of London in 1893 for his explorations. Sheppard denounced the Belgian colonists' cruelty in the Congo. Presented by Alderman George Unseld. (Reverse) Rev. William H. Sheppard - Returning from Africa, Sheppard was pastor of Grace Presbyterian Church in Louisville from 1912 until his death in 1927. One of the city's most respected African American leaders, he was known for his work in the Smoketown community. Sheppard Park (1924) and Sheppard Square Housing Project (1942) named in his honor. Presented by Alderman George Unseld.
Subjects	African American , Presbyterian Church , Schools

Robert H. Brooks (1915-1941)

Marker Number	2037
County	Scott
Location	Sadieville, 1/2 mi. from city limits, KY 32
Description	Born Oct. 8, 1915, in Sadieville, this African American entered an "all white" National Guard unit before WW II began. As a private in Co. D, 192nd Tank Battalion, he was stationed in the Philippine Islands. Brooks was killed on Dec. 8, 1941, during the initial Japanese bombing of Clark Field, near Fort Stotsenburg. (Reverse) Robert H. Brooks (1915-1941) - Brooks, at age 26, was officially declared the first U. S. Armored Forces casualty of WW II. He is buried in the American-Manila Cemetery in the Philippine Islands. The main parade ground at Fort Knox was named Brooks Field in his honor on December 23, 1941. Presented by City of Sadieville, Scott County Fiscal Court, and American Legion Scott Post No. 24.
Subjects	African American , Cemeteries , Fort Knox , Forts and Stations , World War II

Rosenwald School

Marker Number	2048
County	Marion
Location	1/2 mi. SE of Lebanon, 337 S. Harrison St.
Description	This Rosenwald School (1931-1961) is one of 158 schools built in Ky., 1917-1932. The building projects were initiated by the African American community and funded with aid of Julius Rosenwald and philanthropists to provide quality education to the African American community. This effort educated over 500,000 students in the South. Presented by City of Lebanon and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Schools

Roy Martis Chappell 1921-2002

Marker Number	2201
County	Whitley
Location	Briar Creek Park, Williamsburg
Description	A Williamsburg native and Ky. State Univ. student, he was a World War II Tuskegee Airman and B-25 navigator and bombardier. He participated in the 1945 "Freemen Mutiny" where 101 black officers fought inequality by entering a segregated officers' club. This induced Pres. Truman to end military segregation three years later. Over. (Reverse) Helped coordinate Experimental Aircraft Association Young Eagles program to introduce flight and careers in aviation to children. A teacher and guidance counselor, he received awards for his work with youths. He died Sept. 22, 2002, and is buried in Chicago.
Subjects	African American , Aviation , Civil Rights , Kentucky State College , World War II , Teachers

Russell Neighborhood

Marker Number	2017
County	Jefferson
Location	21st & Chestnut, SW corner, Louisville
Description	Named, 1926, for Harvey C. Russell, Sr. (1883-1949), prominent African American educator. Boundaries extend from 9th to 31st, between Broadway and Market Sts. For generations, Russell neighborhood was the center of African American business and professional and social life around Louisville. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation. (Reverse) Russell Neighborhood - By the 1830s, free blacks began buying property west of 9th St. African Americans began moving west of 21st St. after World War I. Predominantly black by the 1930s, Russell includes a large number of Victorian mansions, antebellum churches, Western Branch Library, businesses, and historic schools. Presented by African American Heritage Foundation.
Subjects	African American , Library , Louisville

Sadieville Rosenwald School

Marker Number	2306
County	Scott
Location	714 Pike Street, KY 32, Sadieville
Description	One of 158 Rosenwald schools built in Kentucky, ca. 1917-1920. Booker T. Washington and Julius Rosenwald developed plans to build schools throughout the South. This one-teacher school cost $2500 and was funded by African Americans, the Scott Co. Board of Education, and the Rosenwald Fund. (Reverse) Mt. Pleasant Baptist Church- Prior to the establishment of Sadieville, the African American church was organized in 1872. The lot was deeded to trustees of the congregation by Thomas J. & Josie Burgess on Nov. 13, 1884, “for the purpose of erecting a house of worship.” It is the oldest surviving church in Sadieville.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Schools , Washington, Booker T.

Sebree Colored School

Marker Number	2270
County	Webster
Location	271 US Hwy. 41 N., Sebree
Description	Under Pres. Roosevelt’s New Deal, $6500 was allocated to the WPA to build a new schoolhouse. It was completed in June 1938. Ten years later, building was deeded to the American Legion. Post was named Austin Collins in honor of a local boy who died at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, on the USS Arizona.
Subjects	African American , Schools

Second African Baptist Church

Marker Number	1949
County	Jefferson
Location	First St. between Market and Main Streets, Louisville
Description	Second African Baptist Church, now Green Street Baptist Church, was formally organized here, Sept. 29, 1844. As was usual in the years of slavery, the founding members had the sponsorship of a protection committee, appointed by First Baptist Church (now Walnut Street). The first pastor was Elder George Wells, 1844-1850. See over. Presented by Green Street Baptist Church. (Reverse) Second African Baptist Church - The church was more than a religious experience for African Americans. It was also a school, a social center, and a training ground in group cooperation. In 1848 the church relocated to Green Street (now Liberty) and took its current name in 1860. Church moved to its new edifice at 519 East Gray Street, September 29, 1930. Over. Presented by Green Street Baptist Church.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

Second Christian Church, Midway

Marker Number	2189
County	Woodford
Location	Smith Street, Midway
Description	Early African American Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) congregation established before the Civil War. While still a slave, Alexander Campbell served as first pastor. A log building on property of the Kentucky Female Orphan School was replaced by a frame church, c.1872. Present brick church completed in 1906. Presented by Second Christian Church, Midway.
Subjects	African American , Christian Church

Shake Rag

Marker Number	2158
County	Warren
Location	201 State St., Bowling Green
Description	This African American community was founded in the 1800s. Bordered by the river and High, Ky., and 7th Sts, the area grew to include hundreds of residents, two schools, businesses, and churches. The architecture of Shake Rag shows a growing middle-class community. (Reverse) The lives of residents revolved around church, school, and family activities. The congregation that became State Street Baptist was organized in 1838. State Street School was founded in 1883; the Carver Center began in 1946. The Southern Queen Hotel served black travelers. Shake Rag is a reminder of progress residents made despite social and economic hardship.
Subjects	African American , Bowling Green

Simmons University

Marker Number	1661
County	Jefferson
Location	1018 S. 7th Street, Louisville
Description	School proposed by Gen. Assoc. of Colored Baptists in Kentucky and chartered through legislature in 1873 as Ky. Normal and Theological Institute. Frankfort was the first site suggested but Assoc. selected Louisville. Charter amended in 1882, changing name to State Univ. Became Simmons Univ. in 1919 in honor of Wm. J. Simmons, eminent president from 1880 to 1890. Over. (Reverse) Simmons University - By 1919 Simmons had grown from 3 to 10 departments, including Music, Theology, Law, Insurance, Social Service and Industrial Education. Medical School founded, 1888. First site at 7th and Kentucky sold to University of Louisville for Municipal College in 1930. Simmons moved to Dixie Highway, 1935, and to 1811 Dumesnil, 1949. Name changed to Simmons Univ. Bible College, 1967.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Schools , University of Louisville

Site of Dotson School

Marker Number	2183
County	Caldwell
Location	Calvert and Donnavan Sts, Princeton
Description	In 1910, Princeton High School was the only high school in the vicinity for blacks. In 1920s name was changed to Dotson High School in honor of John Dotson, a prominent black businessman in Princeton. In 1938, Federal WPA officials approved construction of a new building to house grades 1-12. It was completed in 1941. Over. Known for basketball, Dotson’s 1962-63 team won the regional tournament. Dotson served the black community until 1966, when students were integrated into county schools. The building was destroyed by fire in 1968. In 1984, the property was leased to the city of Princeton for a park. Presented by the Dotson Park Board.
Subjects	African American , Schools , Dotson, John

Site of Winnie A. Scott Hospital

Marker Number	2025
County	Franklin
Location	228 E. 2nd St., Frankfort
Description	The Women's Club Hospital Company, with community support, established a hospital here on Dec. 26, 1915. It was named for Winnie A. Scott, a local teacher instrumental in its founding. The facility was the only Frankfort hospital serving African Americans until desegregation of King's Daughters Hospital in 1959. Presented by Frankfort Civic Organizations and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Hospitals , Teachers

Slave Escape

Marker Number	1863
County	Kenton
Location	Covington, 6th & Main Sts.
Description	On a snowy night in January 1856, seventeen slaves fled, at foot of Main Street, across frozen Ohio River. Margaret Garner was in this group. When arrested in Ohio, she killed little daughter rather than see her returned to slavery. This much publicized slave capture became focus of national attention because it involved the issues of federal and state authority. (Reverse) Controversial Judgment - Decision regarding Margaret Garner fueled fires of abolition. Fugitive Slave Law supporters wanted her returned to master. Garner wished to remain in Ohio, even at risk of death for her crime. She was returned to Ky., with master's agreement to extradite her to Ohio. But soon afterward Garner was sent south and never heard from again. Presented by City of Covington.
Subjects	African American , Ohio River , Slavery

Slave Trading in Louisville

Marker Number	1990
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, S.E. corner of 2nd & Main
Description	By the 1850s, Kentucky was annually exporting between 2500 and 4000 of its slaves down river to the large plantations farther south. To prevent runaways, traders operating near the Ohio River kept slaves shackled together in pens when not being displayed to buyers. Slave traders were often social outcasts avoided by all but fellow traders. (Reverse) Garrison Slave Pen Site - Matthew Garrison was a well known Kentucky slave speculator in the Deep South. A white abolitionist leader, Rev. Calvin Fairbank, wrote in 1851 that four slave markets, including Garrison's and Arterburn's, sold men, women, and children "like sheep." Slavery abolished by 13th Amendment, 1865. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American , Slavery

Slavery Laws in Old Kentucky

Marker Number	1989
County	Jefferson
Location	Louisville, First St., between Market & Jefferson Sts.
Description	Ky.'s 1792 Constitution continued legalized enslavement of blacks in the new state; 1800 tax lists show 40,000 slaves. U.S. banned African slave trade in 1808 but selling of men, women and children in South continued. By 1830, blacks made up 24% of Ky. population. Kentucky Nonimportation Act of 1833 halted the transfer of blacks for resale. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc. (Reverse) Site of Arterburn Brothers Slave Pens - After Kentucky's Nonimportation Act repealed in 1849, Louisville slave markets expanded. The Arterburns advertised cash for farm hands and others. Iron-barred coops held people to be shipped south. Chained, they marched up Main Street to board boats in nearby Portland. Some died of shock or disease on the trip south.
Subjects	African American , Slavery

Smoketown

Marker Number	1985
County	Jefferson
Location	Smoketown, Hancock St. & E. Broadway
Description	This historically black community began to flourish following end of slavery in 1865, when thousands of African Americans moved to Louisville. Shotgun-type houses on closely spaced streets and alleys allowed both black and white landowners to profit from the dense settlement. Washington Spradling, Jr., a prominent African American, owned vast real estate in area. (Reverse) Historic Area - Many in Smoketown worked in tobacco warehouses as cutters, processors, and haulers. Community had one of city's first African American public schools, founded 1874. Smoketown is only post-Civil War neighborhood settled mainly by African Americans that remains in city of Louisville. Presented by Louisville and Jefferson County African American Heritage Committee, Inc.
Subjects	African American

Southgate Street School

Marker Number	2071
County	Campbell
Location	Southgate St., Newport
Description	In 1870, the Newport City Council purchased property for a school for African Americans, and three years later a frame house constructed. Elizabeth Hudson was appointed first African American teacher at salary of $35 per month. Two major events of 1893 were school's first commencement and second floor addition. High school closed, 1921. (Reverse) Southgate Street School - In 1955, a desegregation program was submitted to the school board and the school was dissolved. All African American students through eleventh grade could then attend Newport schools. Twelfth-grade students continued at William Grant, and teachers went on to positions in other Newport schools. Presented by Newport Lodge No. 120, O.E.S. Newport Chapter No. 105, and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Schools

St. Matthew A.M.E. Church

Marker Number	2263
County	Woodford
Location	112 S. Winter Street, Midway
Description	St. Matthew African Methodist Episcopal Church. Est. in 1860. Served as a recruitment office during Civil War. Lot was purchased May 9, 1854, for location of first church building. Rev. Moses Burks was 1st minister of the old frame church. In 1886, Rev. J. Frazier & members erected brick church that later burned with old frame church. Present church was built in 1892.
Subjects	African American , Civil War , A.M.E. Church

The Frankfort Barracks

Marker Number	2061
County	Franklin
Location	Shelby & New Sts., Frankfort
Description	The barracks, established in April 1871, and the command moved here in December of that year. Buildings were erected on Alexander Goldsmith Brawner's five acres known as Coleman's Spring lot. Post consisted of barracks, guardhouse, baking oven, and two one-story hospitals. Presented by Franklin County Trust for Historic Preservation. (Reverse) The Frankfort Barracks - The purpose of the barracks was to provide a military presence and the protection of African Americans in the area. The post quartered members of the 4th and later the 16th U.S. Inf. Regiments. The Frankfort Barracks District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. Presented by Franklin County Trust for Historic Preservation.
Subjects	African American , Frankfort , Hospitals , National Register of Historic Places

Town House of Maj. Richard Bibb

Marker Number	1514
County	Logan
Location	Eighth & Winter Sts., Russellville, US 431
Description	Bibb, a Revolutionary War soldier, was born in Va. in 1752. He came to Lexington, Kentucky, in 1798; moved to Logan Co. the next year where he built Bibb's Chapel. Later, erected this house for his wife. Maj. Bibb freed 29 of his slaves in 1829 and sent them to Liberia. He died in 1839, and his will provided for the release of his other slaves and gave them land.
Subjects	African American , Revolutionary War

Town of Patesville

Marker Number	2039
County	Hancock
Location	Jct. KY 144 & 1700
Description	Crossroads was site of 19th-century town of Patesville. It was named for William Pate, who bought land and operated an inn about two miles east of here. A post office established, 1813. During Civil War, area was site of a gun battle pitting CSA guerrillas Sue Mundy, Bill Davison and Henry Magruder against John Clark's USA troops. Presented by Hancock County Fiscal Court. (Reverse) Town of Patesville - During its heyday in 1895, Patesville was a town of 250 people with a sawmill, three general stores, millinery, drugstore, blacksmith shop, undertaker's parlor, and hotel. Presented by Hancock County Fiscal Court.
Subjects	African American , Civil War , Confederate Army , Post Office , Sue Mundy

Vertner Woodson Tandy, 1885-1949

Marker Number	2296
County	Fayette
Location	642 West Main Street, Lexington
Description	Born in Lexington, son of Henry A. Tandy, respected African American contractor. Attended the Chandler School, Tuskegee Institute, Cornell Univ. 1st registered black architect in New York State, where he built landmark homes & buildings. A founder of Alpha Phi Alpha, the oldest African American fraternity.
Subjects	African American , Architects

Washington Street Missionary Baptist Church

Marker Number	1276
County	McCracken
Location	721 Washington St., Paducah
Description	Organized 1855 in log cabin near this site, led by George Brent, member Paducah First Baptist Church. Second was frame building, built by slaves, under leadership of Rev. George W. ("Pappy") Dupee, the first pastor constituted on Feb. 4, 1855. See over. Marker donated by the Brotherhood of 1969. (Reverse) Washington Street Missionary Baptist Church - Colonial brick structure built in 1893 under Rev. Dupee, rebuilt in 1942 after fire, when Rev. D. E. King pastor. Cornerstone this edifice laid June 18, 1967 under pastorate of Rev. H. Joseph Franklin, who envisioned building adequate for worship, Christian education. Dedicated August 1969.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church

West Kentucky Industrial College

Marker Number	1469
County	McCracken
Location	1400 Thompson Ave., Paducah
Description	Ground broken for this college on December 9, 1909, by Dr. Dennis H. Anderson, who had a determination to improve education for Negroes in Kentucky. The cornerstone for first building laid, 1911. Dr. Anderson failed to get bill passed in 1912 legislature to make the school a state institution. It did become state-supported in 1918 and by 1938 had grown to be the third largest Negro junior college in the United States. Presented by the National Alumni Association: Lorenzo Goatley, President, J. D. Marks, Jr., Secy. (Reverse) West Kentucky Industrial College - Before it merged with Ky. State, 1938, this college was served by Presidents D. H. Anderson, 1909-37, and H. C. Russell, 1937-38. A vocational school established in 1938. The following have served as its president: M. H. Griffin, 1938-43; H. C. Russell, 1943-47; M. J. Sleet (Acting Pres.), 1947-48; C. L. Timberlake, 1948-57; and H. C. Mathis since 1957. School has continued to meet the vocational needs of Kentuckians. Presented by the National Alumni Association.
Subjects	African American , Kentucky State College

West Side School

Marker Number	2050
County	Mercer
Location	Harrodsburg, 200 Magnolia St.
Description	This African American school was erected on this property in 1930, thanks to a donation from the Julius Rosenwald Fund. West Side was the only elementary and high school for African American children in Mercer County. It united the faculty, students, administration, and community in a common goal - education. (Reverse) West Side School - Three principals served the school: Mrs. Maynette Elliott Sneed (1930-38), Miss Clara B. Clelland (1938-59), and Mr. Robert Jackson, Jr. (1959-61). In 1939, West Side beat Lexington Dunbar, 16-12, to win K.H.S.A.L. State Basketball Championship. Closed 1961 when local schools desegregated. Presented by West Side School Reunion Com. and Ky. African American Heritage Commission.
Subjects	African American , Lexington , Schools

Whitney M. Young, Jr. (1921-1971)

Marker Number	1419
County	Shelby
Location	8460 Shelbyville Rd., Simpsonville
Description	Civil rights leader born here. Son of distinguished educator, Dr. Whitney M. Young, Sr. Served in US Army, World War II. Graduated Ky. State College, 1941; Univ. of Minn., 1947. Director of Urban Leagues in Minn. and Neb., 1947-53. Dean of School of Social Work, Atlanta Univ., 1954-60. Director National Urban League, 1961 until death. Originally buried Lexington, Ky. (Reverse) Whitney M. Young, Jr. (1921-1971) - Devoted his life to overcoming injustice to and furthering economic progress for blacks. As Director of National Urban League, helped thousands find employment. Declined cabinet post in 1968 to remain with League where he believed could accomplish more. Gravesite eulogy delivered by President Nixon; first civil rights leader so honored. Over.
Subjects	African American , Civil Rights , Kentucky State College , World War II

William L. Grant

Marker Number	2000
County	Kenton
Location	Covington, 824 Greenup St.
Description	Wm. Grant (1820-82), Covington city clerk, councilman, and state rep., supported public education for black children. He deeded land on Seventh Street for elementary school, which opened 1880; renamed Lincoln School 1909. A black high school named in honor of William Grant opened in 1886. Presented by City of Covington. (Reverse) Lincoln and Grant Schools - In 1931, this building constructed for black elementary and high schools to be known as Lincoln Grant and William Grant Schools. High school closed in 1965 and elementary in 1976. The original Seventh Street site occupied by the Board of Education; Northern Kentucky Community Center housed here beginning 1976. Presented by Kenton County Fiscal Court.
Subjects	African American , Schools

Wolf Pen Corridor

Marker Number	2304
County	Jefferson
Location	Roundabout at Chamberlain Ln. & Wolf Pen Branch Rd., Louisville
Description	Settled in the late 1700s and part of Jefferson County’s third major settlement. Rich farmland & water traffic attracted a community of tradesmen, farmers, millers, and African Americans. This corridor includes Wolf Pen & Mint Springs Branch Roads, Chamberlain Lane, & Wolf Pen Mill, one of the oldest industrial sites in Jefferson Co. (Reverse) Under the leadership of Marcia Kleinman Goldstein (1931-2007),the Wolf Pen Preservation Assn. was founded to protect the historic, cultural, environmental, and scenic resources of the Wolf Pen Corridor. For 30 years, she was a tireless advocate for wise stewardship of land and believed “indeed this is worth preserving.”
Subjects	African American , Farms

Zion Baptist Church

Marker Number	1657
County	Jefferson
Location	22nd & Walnut Sts., Louisville
Description	Congregation was organized by 18 blacks in Aug., 1878. First church on Center Street, 1882; present church bought in 1927. Notable pastors have been W. H. Craighead, D. E. King, A. D. Wms. King (brother of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.) and H. D. Cockerham. Zion was base for local and state civil rights activities; Ky. Christian Leadership Conference office was in adjoining building.
Subjects	African American , Baptist Church , Civil Rights , King, Rev. Martin Luther, Jr.

Zion Hill / Zion Hill School

Marker Number	2267
County	Scott
Location	S. Weisenberger Mill Rd. & Zion Hill Ln., Midway
Description	Established prior to the end of slavery. Originally known as South Elkhorn Bend & Lenerson. The name was later changed to Zion Hill. It was a prominent African American community with two stores, church, and post office. Whitney M. Young, president of Lincoln Institute, a black boarding school, began his early education here. (Reverse) Site of one of the 158 Rosenwald Schools constructed in Kentucky between 1917 and 1932. The one-room schoolhouse provided an education for African American children required to attend segregated schools. This program grew out of Booker T. Washington’s vision for educational reform & his partnership with Julius Rosenwald.
Subjects	African American , Schools , Washington, Booker T.

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