KY:Historical Society - Historical Marker Database

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A Founder of D.A.R.
(Marker Number: 807)

County: Fayette
Location: Maxwell & Mill Sts., Lexington

Description: Mary Desha, one of four founders of the Daughters of the American Revolution in 1890, taught public school here, 1875-1885. Designer of society's seal. Taught in Alaska schools, returned to Washington, successfully advocated reforms. Granddaughter of Joseph Desha, Kentucky's tenth governor. Born, Lexington, 1850. Died, Washington, 1911. Buried, Lexington Cemetery.

(Subjects: Lexington)

Adolph F. Rupp (1901-77)
(Marker Number: 1826)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, Memorial Coliseum, Lexington

Description: "Winningest" coach in history of college basketball. Native Kansan who played under famed coach "Phog" Allen. Head coach at UK, 1930-72. Won 4 NCAA titles, won or tied SEC crown 27 times; coach of 1948 US Olympic team that won gold medal. Natl. coach of yr. 4 times. Never a losing season; 879 wins-190 losses. Nicknames include "Man in Brown Suit" and "Baron of the Bluegrass."

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

African Cemetery No. 2
(Marker Number: 2110)

County: Fayette
Location: 419 East Seventh St., Lexington

Description: Earliest recorded cemetery in Lexington to be organized, owned, and managed by African Americans. The site has been in existence since 1869. Trustees of Benevolent Society No. 2 successfully operated cemetery. Many individuals buried here were important leaders in the community. See over. Presented by African Cemetery No. 2, Inc. and the Ky. African American Heritage Commission.

(Reverse) African Cemetery No. 2 - Buried here are leaders of: Ladies Auxiliary Society No. 2, Colored People's Union Benevolent Society No. 1, Lexington A and M Fair of Colored People, Colored Orphan Industrial Home, the horse-racing industry, early public schools for African Americans, individuals for social and economic advancement after Civil War. Members of the U.S. Colored Troops buried here.

(Subjects: African American | Cemeteries | Civil War)

African-American Physicians
(Marker Number: 1928)

County: Fayette
Location: 118 North Broadway, Lexington

Description: Site of office building which housed prominent African-American physicians and pharmacy. Among the doctors who practiced here between 1909 and 1930 were Obed Cooley; Nathaniel J. Ridley; J.C. Coleman; John Hunter, first African-American surgeon at St. Joseph's Hospital; and Joseph Laine, who later founded a medical clinic in Louisville. Presented by Professor Doris Wilkinson, Historical Sociologist at University of Ky.

(Subjects: African American | Hospitals | Physicians)

Alanant-O-Wamiowee
(Marker Number: 83)

County: Fayette
Location: Approx. 1 1/2 mi. NE of New Circle Rd. & Paris Pike, US 27

Description: Ancient buffalo trace carved in the wilderness by prehistoric animals seeking salt. Trace was later used by buffaloes, mound builders, Indians and pioneer settlers. Also known as Warrior's Trace.

(Subjects: Roads)

Architects Shryock
(Marker Number: 945)

County: Fayette
Location: Transylvania Univ. campus, Broadway, Lexington

Description: "Best known surname in Kentucky architecture is Shryock." Family home, erected by Matthias Shryock (1774-1833), here. Designed first Episcopal church in city, 1814, and Mary Todd Lincoln home on W. Main. Son, Cincinnatus, born here, 1816. First Presbyterian Church, built 1872, considered his best. Also designed many homes. Died, 1888. Both buried in Lexington. Over.

(Reverse) Another Shryock - Gideon, "father of Greek revival movement in Ky. architecture," was also Matthias' son. Fine example of his classic style is Old State House, Frankfort, Ky., 1829. He also designed Morrison Hall on the Transylvania campus here, 1830, Jefferson County Courthouse in Louisville, Arkansas State Capitol, Little Rock, 1830's. Born here, 1802; buried Louisville, 1880.

(Subjects: Architects | Courthouses | Episcopal Church | Lincoln, Mary Todd | Presbyterian Church | Shryock, Gideon | Transylvania University)

Ashland
(Marker Number: 1)

County: Fayette
Location: 120 Sycamore Rd., Lexington

Description: Historic home of Henry Clay. Orator-Statesman-Patriot. Kentucky's favorite son. Born-1777. Died-1852.

(Subjects: Clay, Henry)

Ashland
(Marker Number: 2235)

County: Fayette
Location: 120 Sycamore Road, Lexington

Description: Home of Henry Clay, born April 12, 1777, died June 29, 1852. Served as a state legislator, US rep. & senator, house speaker, secretary of state. He ran for president in 1824, 1832, & 1844. Also an attorney, he practiced law for more than 50 years. He imported and bred fine livestock here, including champion thoroughbreds. Over.

(Reverse) Clay & Abraham Lincoln- Lincoln called Clay "my beau ideal of a statesman, for whom I fought all my humble life." Lincoln voted for Clay in 1832 & 1844. Family of Lincoln's wife, Mary Todd Lincoln, were friends with Clay. Lincoln based his political ideology on ideals of Clay & quoted him in many important speeches. Over.

(Subjects: Clay, Henry | Horses | Lincoln, Abraham | Lincoln, Mary Todd)

Ashland Park/ Olmsted Brothers
(Marker Number: 2305)

County: Fayette
Location: South Hanover median

Description: In 1904, descendants of Henry Clay hired famed landscape architects, Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. and John Charles Olmsted, to design Ashland Park neighborhood on the 600-acre estate. Constructed over a 15-year period, development was completed around 1930. The brothers designed U.S. Capitol & White House grounds, and the Chicago World’s Fair 1893.

(Reverse) Olmsted Brothers in KY.- This landscape design firm from Brookline, Mass. helped design the park system in Louisville and the grounds of the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort. In Lexington, they consulted on the master plan for the University of Kentucky, Ashland Park & Transylvania Park neighborhoods and Woodland Park.

(Subjects: Architects | Clay, Henry | University of Kentucky)

Barker Hall and Buell Armory
(Marker Number: 2070)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, Administration Dr., Lexington

Description: Dedicated in 1901 and known as Alumni Hall. The original structure was a central, three-story building with a gymnasium and a drill hall on either side. Expanded in the 1930s with aid of WPA funds. The 19th-century bell from the Peter Taylor Methodist Chapel in Carrs (Lewis Co.) was installed in 1989. Class of 2001.

(Reverse) Barker Hall and Buell Armory - Site of first UK basketball games. Utilized for physical education, student clubs, dance, and ROTC. Converted to an infirmary during 1918 flu epidemic. Named for UK's second president, Henry Stites Barker (1911-1917) and Union Civil War General and UK trustee Don Carlos Buell. Class of 2001.

(Subjects: Buell, Don Carlos | Methodist Church | University of Kentucky)

Beck House
(Marker Number: 14)

County: Fayette
Location: 209 E. High St., Lexington

Description: Residence of James Burnie Beck. Born Dumfriesshire, Scot., 1822, died Washington, D.C., 1890. Law partner John C. Breckinridge. Congressman from Ky., 1867-75. U.S. Senator from Ky. 1876-90.

(Subjects: Breckinridge, John Cabell)

Blockhouse and Fort
(Marker Number: 1554)

County: Fayette
Location: Main & Mill Sts., US 25, 421, Lexington

Description: First Lexington blockhouse and stockade built, April 1779, near SW corner of Main and Mill streets, close to "the public spring." After many Indian uprisings in Kentucky, Colonel John Todd in 1781 led in building new artillery-proof fort: 94 ft. sq., walls of rammed earth seven ft. thick, enclosed in timber and surrounded by a wide ditch. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Forts and Stations | Indians | Lexington)

Boone's Creek Baptist Church
(Marker Number: 1773)

County: Fayette
Location: KY 1973 [Cleveland Rd.], Athens

Description: Organized November 1785, by Elders John Taylor and John Tanner with 18 original members. Church part of Elkhorn Assn.; in 1823 joined Boone's Creek Assn. Sunday School organized ca. 1866. Present church is on same land as the first log church of 1785. Prominent among the founders were Daniel Boone's brother Samuel with wife Sarah. Presented by Boone's Creek Baptist Church.

(Subjects: Baptist Church | Boone, Daniel)

Boone's Station
(Marker Number: 17)

County: Fayette
Location: Athens-Boonesboro Rd., Athens

Description: Stood about one-half mile east. Established in 1779 by Daniel Boone who, with his family, resided there for several years.

(Subjects: Boone, Daniel | Forts and Stations)

Boone's Station
(Marker Number: 2230)

County: Fayette
Location: 240 Gentry Road, Athens

Description: Daniel Boone surveyed this site in 1774 for a 4,000-acre land grant to James Hickman. In Dec.1779, Boone and other families lived here in crude shelters; in 1780, built cabins & stockade. By 1783, the station included 15-20 families. Among these, Boone’s brother Edward, son Israel, and nephew Thomas were killed in final stages of Rev. War. Over.

(Reverse) Boone occupied the station until 1784 and his sister’s family was there until 1814. Robert Frank bought it in 1795 and built a stone mansion which survived into the 1800s. In 1991, Robert C. Strader willed some 47 acres, including the site of the station, to the state. Boone’s Station State Park opened in 1992. Over.

(Subjects: Boone, Daniel | Forts and Stations | Revolutionary War)

Breckinridge's Last Home
(Marker Number: 1742)

County: Fayette
Location: 429 W. Second St., Lexington

Description: Built circa 1866, this house was occupied by John C. Breckinridge in 1874-1875. The former U.S. senator and youngest U.S. vice-president was also a Confederate general and secretary of war. After exile, he returned to Lexington in 1869 and resumed the practice of law. He rented this house the last year of his life and died here May 17, 1875.

(Subjects: Breckinridge, John Cabell | Vice Presidents )

Bryan's Station
(Marker Number: 21)

County: Fayette
Location: Bryan Station Pk., 5 mi. N. of Lexington

Description: Camping place in 1775-76 of the brothers Morgan, James, William and Joseph Bryan. In 1779 was fortified as a station which in Aug. 1782 repelled a siege of Indians and Canadians under Capt. William Caldwell and Simon Girty.

(Subjects: Forts and Stations | Indians)

Cave Spring
(Marker Number: 1404)

County: Fayette
Location: Walnut Hill Rd. near Jct. US 25 & 421, 8 mi. SE of Lexington

Description: Home of Capt. Robert Boggs, born 1746, Mill Creek Hundred, Del. Moved to Va. Soldier in Revolution. Came to Ky., 1774, as chainman on Col. John Floyd's survey party. One of founders of Boonesborough. Officer, Cherokee Expedition, 1776. Under Washington, 1777-81. Took up Ky. land totaling 2,276 acres. Cave Spring was begun 1784, completed 1792. Quaint, substantial Georgian stone house.

(Subjects: Boonesborough | Floyd, John | Revolutionary War | Washington, George)

Cedar Hall-Helm Place
(Marker Number: 1783)

County: Fayette
Location: 2575 Bowman's Mill Rd., Lexington

Description: This antebellum Greek Revival home was part of Bowman estate. Col. Abraham Bowman commanded 8th Va. Regt. in Revolution. Behind house was Todd's Station, built 1779 by Levi Todd, grandfather of Mary Todd Lincoln and Emilie Todd Helm. Mrs. Helm, wife of CSA Gen. Ben H. Helm, bought house, 1912. Later owned by William H. Townsend, Lincoln authority. Listed on National Register, 1978.

(Subjects: Forts and Stations | Lincoln, Mary Todd | Revolutionary War)

Cheapside
(Marker Number: 1553)

County: Fayette
Location: Main at Cheapside, US 421, Lexington

Description: A log schoolhouse on east side of public square was one of first buildings outside fort walls, 1782. Here, the first teacher, John McKinney, was attacked by a wildcat. A stone market house was built in 1795, and the surrounding square became a popular trading center. Court day was held each month until 1921. See over. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Reverse) Lexington Courthouses - East of Cheapside is the public square, where courthouses of Lexington have stood since 1788. The present edifice is fifth courthouse, the fourth on this site. It was built during 1898-1900, after fire destroyed fourth courthouse and the famous statue "Woman Triumphant" by Kentucky sculptor Joel Tanner Hart. Over. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Lexington | National Register of Historic Places | Sculptors)

Cheapside Slave Auction Block
(Marker Number: 2122)

County: Fayette
Location: Northeast corner of Courthouse lawn & Short St., Lexington

Description: African Americans were sold as slaves at Cheapside Auction Block on the public square in the 19th century. Lexington was the center of slave trading in Ky. by the late 1840s and served as a market for selling slaves farther south. Thousands of slaves were sold at Cheapside, including children who were separated from their parents.

(Reverse) Slavery in Fayette Co. - On the N.E. corner of the Fayette Courthouse lawn stood the whipping post established in 1847 to punish slaves for such offenses as being on the streets after 7 p.m. Fayette Co. was one of the largest slaveholding counties in Kentucky. By 1860, one in four residents of the city of Lexington were slaves. Presented by the Lexington Alumni Chapter Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity.

(Subjects: African American | Lexington | Slavery)

Clay Villa, ca. 1845
(Marker Number: 1459)

County: Fayette
Location: 221 Forest Avenue, Lexington

Description: Home of James B. Clay, son of Henry Clay. Designed by Major Thomas Lewinski, as an Italianate villa. Floor plan consisted of central hall with 4 rooms on each floor. Thomas Clay's home, Mansfield, on Richmond Rd. designed at same time. James Clay (1817-64) practiced law with his father; charge d'affaires in Portugal, Congressman and member of Peace Commission, 1861.

(Subjects: Architects | Clay, Henry)

Coldstream Farm
(Marker Number: 166)

County: Fayette
Location: Newtown Pike, 1 mi. N. of New Circle Rd., Lexington

Description: Famous Kentucky horse farm. Known earlier as McGrathiana. The home of Aristides, the first winner of the Kentucky Derby.

(Subjects: Derby Winners | Horses | Kentucky Derby)

Colonel George Nicholas
(Marker Number: 125)

County: Fayette
Location: Episcopal Cemetery, E. 3rd, Lexington

Description: Grave of George Nicholas 1754-1799. Revolutionary soldier, Virginia House of Delegates, Father of Kentucky Constitution, First Kentucky Attorney General, Professor of Law at Transylvania University.

(Subjects: Transylvania University)

Colored Orphan Industrial Home
(Marker Number: 1963)

County: Fayette
Location: 644 Georgetown St., Lexington

Description: Led by Mrs. E. Belle Mitchell Jackson, orphan home opened here 1894. Orphans and other black youth learned to read and write and acquired a trade; also refuge for elderly women. By 1909 home consisted of 18 acres and 2 brick houses. Burned in 1912. A new building dedicated 1913; serves as Robert H. Williams Cultural Center.

(Subjects: African American | Lexington)

Daniel Boone Bryan, 1758-1845
(Marker Number: 1280)

County: Fayette
Location: Higbee Mill Pk. at Waveland Mus., .5 mi. W. of US 27

Description: Kentucky pioneer, Revolutionary War soldier, a founder and defender of Bryan Station; developed Waveland estate and community; agricultural leader; operated gunshop, made gunpowder; established paper mill; promoted education; church and civic leader, pioneer historian. Son of William Bryan; nephew of Daniel Boone. Son Joseph built Waveland mansion, once home of Ky. Life Museum.

(Subjects: Boone, Daniel | Forts and Stations | Revolutionary War)

Desegregation of UK
(Marker Number: 2022)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, Administration Circle, Lexington

Description: In 1948 Lyman T. Johnson filed suit for admission to UK. In March 1949 Federal Judge H. Church Ford ruled in Johnson's favor, and that summer nearly 30 black students entered UK graduate and professional programs. Undergraduate classes desegregated in 1954. Class of 1999.

(Reverse) Lyman T. Johnson (1906-1997) - Educator and civil rights leader Lyman T. Johnson led the fight for the desegregation of UK. A Tennessee native, he was an educator in the Louisville Public Schools for forty years and served as president of the Louisville NAACP. UK awarded Johnson an honorary degree in 1979. Class of 1999.

(Subjects: African American | Civil Rights | Louisville | University of Kentucky)

Dr. Luke P. Blackburn Correctional Complex
(Marker Number: 1466)

County: Fayette
Location: 1 mi. W. of US 25 on Spurr Road, Lexington

Description: Originally Kentucky Village, this complex renamed in honor of Dr. Luke P. Blackburn, 26th Governor of Ky., in recognition of his pioneer efforts in prison reform. Elected Governor in 1879, after campaigning to relieve conditions at Frankfort Penitentiary, he asked for drastic changes in penal system in first message to legislature.

(Reverse) Blackburn Correctional Complex - In 1880 prison reform finally began. Abolition of the lessee system soon followed. Governor Luke P. Blackburn's efforts resulted in creation of the Kentucky State Penitentiary at Eddyville. Dr. Blackburn also noted for treating epidemics in parts of U.S. and other countries. Native of Woodford County, born 1816, he singlehandedly fought great epidemic of cholera there, 1835.

(Subjects: Cholera | Governors | Kentucky State Penitentiary | Physicians)

Dr. Robert Peter
(Marker Number: 1480)

County: Fayette
Location: Newtown Pike, approx. 1 mi. N. of KY 1273, Lexington

Description: Pharmacist, physician, chemist, teacher and author. Born in England, 1805, he came to Lexington in 1832. Dr. Peter was associated with Transylvania Univ. more than 50 yrs.; elected to chair of chemistry and pharmacy and Dean of Medical School. Also Professor of chemistry at Kentucky University. He lectured daily in both schools. Presented by the Lexington Surgical Society.

(Reverse) Dr. Robert Peter - Chemist for Kentucky Geological Survey, 1854-93, when survey was suspended. Among Dr. Peter's many writings were: History of Fayette County, articles in Transylvania Journal of Medicine. In Civil War he was surgeon in charge of U.S. military hospitals at Lexington. Married Frances Dallam; later moved to "Winton," where he died, 1894. Presented by the Lexington Surgical Society.

(Subjects: Authors | Civil War | Transylvania University | Teachers | Physicians)

Early Land Grant
(Marker Number: 1558)

County: Fayette
Location: Viley Rd. between Leestown & Old Frankfort Pk., Lexington

Description: This spring 900 feet to the west was discovered in 1775 by Joseph Lindsay, who was killed at the Battle of Blue Licks. Spring and surrounding 2,000 acres were later surveyed for Evan Shelby, father of the first governor of Kentucky. The house on this site, "Lewis Manor," was built by Thomas Lewis, circa 1800. Presented by Lexington-Fayette County Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Blue Licks, Battle of | Revolutionary War)

Eastern State Hospital
(Marker Number: 1033)

County: Fayette
Location: Newtown Pike, Lexington

Description: The second State Mental Hospital built in the U.S. Established by legislative act of Dec. 4, 1822, which named commissioners to buy and operate it in Fayette County. They acquired The Fayette Hospital organized in 1816. "The Lunatic Asylum" opened May 1, 1824. It has been continuously operated by the Commonwealth since. By 1913, it was named Eastern State Hospital.

(Subjects: Hospitals)

Ellerslie
(Marker Number: 1001)

County: Fayette
Location: 2440 Richmond Rd., Lexington

Description: The home which stood on this site from 1787 to 1947 was built by Levi Todd (1756-1807), who named it for his ancestral village in Scotland. He was one of a party of hunters who named Lexington in 1775; first Fayette County clerk; aide to George Rogers Clark, 1779, Kaskaskia Expedition; Maj., Battle Blue Licks; trustee, Transylvania; grandfather of Mary Todd Lincoln.

(Subjects: Blue Licks, Battle of | Indians | Lexington | Lincoln, Mary Todd | Transylvania University)

Fairlawn, ca. 1845
(Marker Number: 1447)

County: Fayette
Location: 904 Broadway, Lexington

Description: Home of Dr. Benjamin W. Dudley from 1846 until 1870. Small white cottage to south purchased by Dr. Dudley, 1839, used for instruction in anatomy and surgery while on faculty of Transylvania Medical School. William T. Withers, a CSA Colonel, purchased Fairlawn, 1874. General U. S. Grant and King Kalakaua of Hawaii were entertained here. Presented by Lexington Surgical Society.

(Reverse) Dr. Benjamin Dudley - Eminent Kentucky surgeon and outstanding lithotomist of 19th century. Born Spotsylvania Co., Virginia, April 12, 1785. Died in Lexington, Ky., January 20, 1870. Dr. Dudley served as professor of anatomy and surgery at Transylvania Medical School, 1817-50. After retirement, practiced occasionally at Fairlawn. Presented by Lexington Surgical Society.

(Subjects: Grant, Ulysses S. | Transylvania University | Physicians)

Fayette County
(Marker Number: 1440)

County: Fayette
Location: Main St., Courthouse lawn, Lexington

Description: One of three original counties formed when Kentucky Co., Va., was divided by Va. act in 1780. Included area north and east of Ky. River, 37 present-day counties and parts of 7 others. Reduced to its present boundaries 1799. Named for Marquis de Lafayette, French champion of liberty, who came to America in 1777 to assist with our war for independence.

(Subjects: Kentucky County (Virginia) | Lafayette, Marquis de)

Fayette County Fountains
(Marker Number: 864)

County: Fayette
Location: Courthouse lawn, Lexington

Description: Dedicated to the men and women who developed Fayette County, these fountains were provided by:

Embry's John G. King Herndon J. Evans Edwin C. Gilson H. (Jack) Hagler Bank of Commerce	Standard Typewriter Co. Mrs. Morris Beebe, Sr. Lexington Kiwanis Club The Lexington Herald The Lexington Leader WLAP Radio Station
The Purcell Company, Inc. Central Bank and Trust Company New Union Building Association Mr. and Mrs. Russell des Cognets, Jr. Citizens Union Bank and Trust Company Second National Bank and Trust Company Ladies Auxiliary, Fraternal Order of Police First Security National Bank and Trust Company Presented by Fayette County Fiscal Court.

Fayette County Hemp
(Marker Number: 1163)

County: Fayette
Location: Newtown Pk. near Jct. of Iron Works Rd., Lexington

Description: Consistently the leader in hemp production and cordage making in Kentucky. In 1803, Hunt and Brand Co. produced first hemp bagging made in U.S. In the early 1840s the county had 63 ropewalks; they were long, narrow sheds for the spiral winding of hemp fibers. In 1871, 2,000 tons of fiber were harvested, 1/3 of yield for entire state in that year. See over.

(Reverse) Hemp in Kentucky - First crop grown, 1775. From 1840 to 1860, Ky.'s production largest in U.S. Peak in 1850 was 40,000 tons, with value of $5,000,000. Scores of factories made twine, rope, gunny sacks, bags for cotton picking and marketing. State's largest cash crop until 1915. Market lost to imported jute, freed of tariff. As war measure, hemp grown again during World War II. See over.

(Subjects: Hemp | World War II)

First Inauguration
(Marker Number: 1551)

County: Fayette
Location: Main St. between Mill and Broadway, Lexington

Description: Isaac Shelby was inaugurated as lst governor of Kentucky, June 4, 1792, at building on West Main Street; built as a market house, 1791-92. After Kentucky's admission to Union, the structure was also used as a State House during the legislative sessions of 1792. The Lexington Library was organized in same building in January, 1795. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Governors | Lexington | Library | Shelby, Isaac)

First Presbyterian Church
(Marker Number: 2277)

County: Fayette
Location: 174 N. Mill Street, Lexington

Description: Founded 1784. Oldest congregation in continuous existence in city. Founders were hunting party members who selected city’s site and named it Lexington in honor of first battle of the American Revolution. First pastor Adam Rankin’s home, oldest house in Lexington at 317 South Mill St., built in 1784.

(Reverse) Abraham Lincoln attended several services during the pastorate of Robert J. Breckinridge, 1847-53, initiating a lifelong friendship. This building, sixth home of the congregation, designed by Elder Cincinnatus Shryock, completed in 1872. It was considered his Gothic masterpiece. Renovated in 2007; received preservation award.

(Subjects: Lexington | Lincoln, Abraham | Presbyterian Church | Revolutionary War)

First Race Course
(Marker Number: 6)

County: Fayette
Location: 343 South Broadway, Lexington

Description: Near this spot pioneers in 1780 established the starting point of the first race path in Kentucky, extending southward one quarter mile.

(Subjects: Horse racing)

Fort Clay
(Marker Number: 9)

County: Fayette
Location: West end of viaduct on US 60, Lexington

Description: Extensive earthworks with ditch, drawbridges and magazine were constructed here by Federal forces after the Battle of "Ashland," May 1862.

(Subjects: Civil War | Forts and Stations)

Gillis Building 1889
(Marker Number: 2012)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, between Gillis & Administration Buildings, Lexington

Description: Erected in 1889 as U.K.'s first Agricultural Experiment Station; now second oldest building on the campus. Destroyed by fire in 1891, it was rebuilt on the same site. Named for Ezra Gillis (1867-1958) who joined the U.K. faculty in 1907 and served as Registrar from 1910 to 1937. Class of 1996.

(Reverse) Gillis Building 1889 - Home to the Chemistry Department (1905) and the College of Law (1925). In 1939 it became the Student Health Service and Infirmary, complete with 40 beds and medical services for students. Beginning in 1962 this structure housed offices of Admissions (1962-86) and Registrar (1962-91). Class of 1996.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Hampton Court
(Marker Number: 2248)

County: Fayette
Location: Hampton Court (off of 3rd St. between Jefferson & Broadway), Lexington

Description: Attorney Charles H. Stoll began development in 1907 after orphan asylum razed. Built first luxury apartment building in Lexington known as “Stoll Flats” #310. Court named for Hampton Halley Lisle, Stoll’s son-in-law. In 1909, Col. Milton Young, former owner of McGrathiana Farm, bought the court and divided it into 25 lots.

In 1910, Young contracted for The Hanover #75, designed by well- known architects Messrs, Rowe & Gianini. Court developed until 1936. Four houses on Fourth Street end attributed to N. Warfield Gratz, including his home. Stone gates at either end of court are in Tudor Revival style. Listed on National Register of Historic Places. Over

(Subjects: National Register of Historic Places)

Henry Clay's Law Office
(Marker Number: 139)

County: Fayette
Location: 176 N. Mill St., Lexington

Description: Erected 1803-04, this is the only office standing used by Clay; he occupied it from 1804 until circa 1810. During these significant years in his career, Clay was elected to successive terms in legislature and to unexpired terms in the United States Senate. Builders Stephens and Winslow used their characteristic brick basement. Original floorboards remain.

(Subjects: Clay, Henry | Lawyers)

Historic Land
(Marker Number: 1806)

County: Fayette
Location: 540 West Maxwell St., Lexington

Description: The land upon which Pleasant Green Baptist Church stands was conveyed in 1822 by Dr. Frederick Ridgely, a white surgeon in Lexington, to trustees Harry Quills, Benjamin Admon, and Solomon Walker, all slaves, for purpose of erecting an African church. From date of deed, black congregation has continued to worship at this site.

(Subjects: African American | Baptist Church)

James Lane Allen
(Marker Number: 1875)

County: Fayette
Location: Gratz Park, Lexington

Description: This Transylvania honor graduate, who later taught there, won an international audience with his nostalgic stories and novels of Bluegrass region. Allen was born near Lexington. By 1893, after his work became popular, he moved to New York City. He died there, and was buried in Lexington Cem. His will provided funds for fountain nearby, for children of the city.

(Subjects: Authors | Cemeteries | Lexington | Transylvania University)

Jefferson Davis
(Marker Number: 4)

County: Fayette
Location: Limestone & High Sts., Lexington

Description: For three years (1821-1824) while a student at Transylvania University Jefferson Davis (afterwards President of Southern Confederacy) lived here with Joseph Ficklin then Postmaster of Lexington.

(Subjects: Davis, Jefferson | Transylvania University)

John Bradford
(Marker Number: 1864)

County: Fayette
Location: 1916 Iron Works Pike, Lexington

Description: Built on this property Flemish bond brick home, "Fairfield," ca. 1785-1800. Earlier a surveyor, Bradford became publisher and editor of Kentucky Gazette, state's first newspaper, printed Aug. 11, 1787. Active in public life, he served as trustee of city and Transylvania Univ., in Ky. legislature, and as Fayette Co. sheriff. His early Ky. "Notes" are a valued source on era.

(Subjects: Newspapers | Transylvania University)

John Hunt Morgan (1825-1864)
(Marker Number: 1809)

County: Fayette
Location: Fayette Co. Courthouse, Lexington

Description: Known as the "Thunderbolt of the Confederacy," Morgan was born in Huntsville, Alabama; in 1831 moved to Lexington. After attending Transylvania, he fought in the Mexican War. In Lexington, he prospered as owner of hemp factory and woolen mill. Morgan organized Lexington Rifles Infantry, 1857; later led them to aid Confederacy. See over.

(Reverse) John Hunt Morgan (1825-1864) - Leading cavalry raids behind the enemy lines, General J. H. Morgan disrupted Union supplies and communications. For southerners, he was the ideal romantic hero. Captured in Indiana-Ohio raid, he escaped and was killed in Greeneville, Tennessee, September 4, 1864. Buried in Lexington Cemetery. Morgan became a courageous symbol of the Lost Cause.

(Subjects: Cemeteries | Hemp | Lexington | Mexican War | Morgan, John Hunt | Transylvania University)

Keeneland
(Marker Number: 2)

County: Fayette
Location: US 60, Lexington

Description: Here on May 14, 1825, General LaFayette was entertained by Major John Keene who had served as his Aide-De-Camp during the Revolutionary War.

(Subjects: Lafayette, Marquis de | Revolutionary War)

Kenton's Blue Hole
(Marker Number: 1555)

County: Fayette
Location: Parkers Mill Rd., Lexington

Description: In this valley is a deep spring known as the Blue Hole. It was discovered in 1775 by William McConnell who built a cabin and later traded the 400-acre claim to Simon Kenton, who was known as Simon Butler at that time. Joseph Frazer then bought it; his son George built the house, "Rose Hill," southwest of the spring. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Kenton, Simon | McConnell, William | Springs)

Kentucky Kernel
(Marker Number: 2169)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, Grehan Building, Lexington

Description: Preceded by several earlier student newspapers, the first Kentucky Kernel appeared September 16, 1915. An eight-page weekly by 1923, after a varied publication schedule it became a daily newspaper in 1966. Housed in several campus locations before moving to the Grehan Building in 1951.

(Reverse) Initially University-centered, by the 1960s the Kernel increased coverage of issues beyond the campus such as civil rights, politics, and student protests. Established as an independent newspaper in 1972, it became one of Kentucky’s highest-circulating newspapers and the recipient of numerous awards for journalistic excellence.

(Subjects: Newspapers | University of Kentucky)

Lewis and Clark in Kentucky, George Shannon
(Marker Number: 2193)

County: Fayette
Location: Transvylvania Univerisity, Lexington

Description: George Shannon, youngest member of the 1803-06 Lewis & Clark Expedition, studied at Transylvania Univ. and practiced law in Lexington. His office was in Jordan’s Row on Upper Street. He married Ruth S. Price on Sept. 19, 1813. Over.

Shannon was a member of patriotic organizations and the Masonic Lodge. He served in the Ky. legislature 1820-23 and in 1824 was appointed a state circuit judge. In 1828 Shannon and his family moved to Missouri. *Presented by Ohio River Chapter-Lewis & Clark Trail Heritage Fdn; National Park Service, Ky . Lewis & Clark Bicentennial Commission, Lexington History Museum, Transylvania Univ.

(Subjects: Lewis and Clark Expedition | Transylvania University | Shannon, George )

Lewis and Clark in Kentucky- William Clark in Lexington & Meriwether Lewis in Lexington
(Marker Number: 2219)

County: Fayette
Location: Phoenix Park, Main St., Lexington

Description: Clark, coleader of the 1803-1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition, and his family spent October 30, 1809, at Lexington's Traveler's Hall, operated by Cuthbert Banks. Clark also visited expedition member George W. Shannon, who was attending Transylvania University. Over.

(Reverse) On Jan. 20, 1808, Lewis, coleader of the 1803-1806 Lewis and Clark Expedition, attended a dinner in his honor at Wilson's Inn, where locals gave 22 toasts. Lewis was passing through Ky. after he was named gov. of La. Territory. Over.

(Subjects: Inns | Lewis and Clark Expedition | Lexington | Transylvania University)

Lexington
(Marker Number: 136)

County: Fayette
Location: In front of Cardinal Hill Hospital, Versailles Rd., Lexington

Description: (Duplicate markers in front of Zandale Shopping Center, Nicholasville Rd., US 27, and approximately 11/2 mi. NE of New Circle Rd. & Paris Pike, US 27, Fayette Co.) Named in honor of first Battle of the American Revolution. William McConnell was among the party of hunters who came to site from Harrodsburg in 1775. Built cabin to obtain land title but driven off by Indians. Lexington later settled by Robert Patterson and companions, 1779. Major frontier town. Home of Henry Clay, Mary Todd Lincoln and John C. Breckinridge.

(Subjects: Breckinridge, John Cabell | Clay, Henry | Harrodsburg | Indians | Lexington | Lincoln, Mary Todd | McConnell, William | Revolutionary War)

Lexington Cemetery
(Marker Number: 1550)

County: Fayette
Location: US 421, West Main St., Lexington

Description: Incorporated in 1849, Lexington Cemetery was laid out as a natural landscape park. Both Confederate and Union soldiers are buried in this cemetery. Towering over Henry Clay's grave is a 120-foot monument surmounted by his statue. Other noted men, including James Lane Allen, John C. Breckinridge, and John Hunt Morgan, interred here. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Breckinridge, John Cabell | Cemeteries | Civil War | Clay, Henry | Lexington | Morgan, John Hunt)

Lexington Colored Fair Association
(Marker Number: 1961)

County: Fayette
Location: 644 Georgetown St., Lexington

Description: Started in 1869 by the Lexington Colored Agricultural and Mechanical Assoc., the annual fair promoted racial achievement and offered entertainment which attracted thousands from Ky. and beyond. When located on Georgetown Pike, the site had an exhibition hall, amphitheatre, and racetrack.

(Reverse) Successful Enterprise - Though similar fairs were held statewide, Lexington's Colored Fair was most successful, lasting well into the 1930s. Fairs were as popular as Emancipation Day among the state's black citizens. Cash prizes were awarded winners in categories from livestock and racing to music and floral display. The fairs showed African American accomplishments since emancipation.

(Subjects: African American | Lexington)

Lexington Named
(Marker Number: 554)

County: Fayette
Location: Entrance to McConnell Springs Dr. & Old Frankfort Pk., Lexington

Description: In early June of 1775, a party of frontiersmen, led by William McConnell, camped near here on a branch of Elkhorn Creek. Upon hearing of the colonists' victory at Lexington, Mass., on April 19, 1775, they named their campsite Lexington to commemorate the first battle of the American Revolution. Impressed with the area, they hoped to see a town here some day.

(Reverse)Lexington Settled - Due to danger of Indian attacks, permanent settlement was delayed for four years. In 1779 Colonel Robert Patterson and 25 companions came from Fort Harrod and erected a blockhouse at present Main and Mill streets. Cabins and stockade were soon built, making fort a place of importance. The town of Lexington was established on May 6, 1782, by act of Va. Gen. Assembly.

(Subjects: Civil War | Forts and Stations | Lexington | McConnell, William | Revolutionary War)

Lexington Public Library/ Carnegie Library
(Marker Number: 2199)

County: Fayette
Location: 251 West Second St., Lexington

Description: First library west of the Alleghenies was est. in Lex. in 1795 as a subscription library. The Women's Club of Central Ky. worked for a free public library, and, in 1902, Andrew Carnegie gave $60,000 to build Lex. Public Library, which served community from 1905 to 1989. Books then given to new public library.

(Reverse) Library trustee C.J. Bronston obtained $60,000 from Andrew Carnegie to build neoclassical Greek Revival structure designed by architect Herman Rowe. Transylvania Univ. allowed use of site in Gratz Park. Mary K. Bullitt was first librarian. In 1989 the Lex. Public Library move to Main St.

(Subjects: Architects | Lexington | Library)

Lexington, 1850-1875
(Marker Number: 2285)

County: Fayette
Location: 301 E. Vine St., Lexington

Description: Famous thoroughbred stallion bred by Elisha Warfield, "father of Ky. Turf." One of the first major stallions in the area, helped center US breeding industry in Ky. Stood at Robert Alexander's Woodburn Farm. Farm fell victim to Morgan's Raiders during Civil War, and Lexington was sent to Illinois to escape capture.

(Reverse) Fastest horse of his time and greatest sire of his day. Produced more champion offspring than any other stallion. Led US sire list for 16 years, a record that still holds today. Grandsire of Aristides, first Ky. Derby winner. Inducted into National Museum of Racing's Hall of Fame 1955.

(Subjects: Horse racing | Horses | Kentucky Derby | Morgan's Raiders)

Maddoxtown
(Marker Number: 2238)

County: Fayette
Location: Huffman Mill Rd., Lexington

Description: One of many freetowns in central Kentucky, settled by former slaves during the post-Civil War period. So named after white landowner Samuel Maddox who first sold small lots to African Americans in 1871. By 1877, seven families lived in Maddoxtown and worked on Mount Brilliant and other area farms.

(Reverse) The first Maddoxtown church was erected in 1875 and served for a time as a community school. Land for present First Baptist Church was purchased in 1877. Will Harbut, famous groom for Man O’ War, lived in Maddoxtown from the early 1920s until his death, October 3, 1947.

(Subjects: African American | Baptist Church | Man o' War)

Madeline M. Breckinridge
(Marker Number: 1876)

County: Fayette
Location: "Ashland," the estate of Henry Clay, Lexington

Description: This descendant of Henry Clay and Ephraim McDowell was born 1872 in Franklin Co.; grew up at "Ashland," Clay's home; and married Desha Breckinridge, editor of Lexington Herald. Ill with tuberculosis, she promoted its treatment and cure; advanced educational opportunities for poor children in Lexington and entire state; and helped gain voting rights for women. Over.

(Reverse) Kentucky Suffrage Leader - Madeline McDowell Breckinridge saw woman suffrage as a way to advance social reform. Served as pres. of Ky. Equal Rights Assoc. 1912-15 and 1919-20; vice pres. of National American Woman Suffrage Assoc., 1913-15. Ratification of 19th amendment by Ky. legislature, 1920, largely credited to her efforts. She died same year, after amendment passed. Buried in Lexington Cem.

(Subjects: Cemeteries | Clay, Henry | Journalists | Lexington | McDowell, Ephraim | Newspapers)

Main Building
(Marker Number: 2138)

County: Fayette
Location: UK campus, Limestone St., Lexington

Description: Opened in 1882 and known as the Main or College Building, it contained classrooms, offices, and a chapel for student assemblies. Designed by architect H.P. McDonald and built of brick fashioned from campus clays and stone at a total cost of $81,000. Gracing the roof of the building was a tower crowned by a cupola, 157 feet in height. Class of 2004.

(Reverse) Main Building - A post office and bookstore opened in 1918 and a cafeteria in 1919. In the spring of 1948 the building, for the first time, housed only administrative departments. Interior renovations were carried out in 1929, 1939-40, and 1964. A fire on May 15, 2001, nearly destroyed the buidling, requiring extensive renovation. Class of 2004.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Main Street Christian Church
(Marker Number: 19)

County: Fayette
Location: 162 E. Main St., Lexington

Description: Built on this site in 1842. The 12-day Campbell-Rice debate on Christian Baptism, etc., was held here Nov. 1843, Hon. Henry Clay presiding.

(Subjects: Campbell, Alexander | Christian Church | Clay, Henry | Lexington)

Man o' War
(Marker Number: 1215)

County: Fayette
Location: Near Man o' War statue at Ky. Horse Park

Description: Fair Play-Mahubah by Rock Sand - Greatest race horse and leading money winner of his day. Winner of twenty of twenty-one starts with lifetime earnings of $249,465. Foaled March 29, 1917, at August Belmont's Nursery Stud a few miles away. Sold at auction as yearling for $5,000 to Samuel D. Riddle, his owner throughout his racing career and later retirement. "Big Red" sired 62 stakes winners, his get earning over $3.5 million. War Admiral, Triple Crown winner, was most famous of his offspring. Man o' War died November 1, 1947; lies buried beneath this statue by noted sculptor Herbert Haseltine. Plaque presented by The Thoroughbred Club of America.

(Reverse) Races Won by Man o' War

(Subjects: Horses | Man o' War | Sculptors)

Man O' War - Chestnut, 16.2 Hands Tall, Foaled 1917 by Fair Play-Mahubah, by Rock Sand
(Marker Number: 1635)

County:Fayette
Location: US 25, adjacent to old August Belmont Farm, 4 mi. N. of Lexington

Description:Of all the great horses which have thundered over the American Turf, Man o' War remains the standard by which thoroughbreds are judged. Foaled east of this marker, on the farm then known as August Belmont's Nursery Stud, Man o' War was purchased as a yearling at Saratoga by S. D. Riddle and was trained by Louis Feustel. A 2-year-old champion, he won 9 of 10 races, finishing second once to Upset, a horse he defeated soundly in their 6 other meetings. As a 3-year-old in 1920, he was unbeatable in 11 races; he did not run in the Kentucky Derby but won the Preakness and Belmont Stakes. He set or equaled 8 track records, establishing American records for 1, 11/8, 13/8, 11/2 and 15/8 miles, winning the latter by 100 lengths. In his last race, he defeated older champion Sir Barton, first Triple Crown winner, by 7 lengths, and was retired as a 3-year-old with then-record earnings of $249,465 from his 20 victories in 21 races. He then became one of America's greatest sires. See other side.

(Reverse) Man o' War (1917-1947) - Champion and Sire of Champions - Standing at S. D. Riddle's Faraway Farm about 10 miles east of this marker, Man o' War, "as close to a living flame as a horse can be," passed on his great racing ability to his progeny. Man o' War topped the sire list in 1926 when his offspring earned a then-record $408,137 in purses. In his 22 years at stud, Man o' War sired 379 foals, of which 220 were winners, and an extraordinary number, 64, were stakes winners, including War Admiral, 1937 Triple Crown winner and leading sire of 1945; Battleship, winner of the 1934 Grand National in America and of the 1937 Grand National Steeplechase in England; American Flag, Crusader, Bateau, Scapa Flow, Edith Cavell, Maid at Arms, and Florence Nightingale. Man o' War also sired Blockade, three-time Maryland Hunt Cup winner; and Holystone, a race winner later developed into a champion show jumper. Although limited by the quantity and quality of mares bred to him, Man o' War still proved to be an exceptional sire.

(Subjects: Horses | Kentucky Derby | Man o' War)

Mary Todd Lincoln
(Marker Number: 12)

County:Fayette
Location: 511 W. Short St., Lexington

Description:On this site Mary Todd, wife of Abraham Lincoln, was born Dec. 13, 1818, and here spent her childhood.

(Subjects: Lincoln, Mary Todd)

Mary Todd Lincoln House
(Marker Number: 2261)

County:Fayette
Location: 578 W. Main St., Lexington

Description:Built in 1806 as an inn. Became home of politician & businessman Robert S. Todd in 1832. Mary Todd, his daughter, born in Lexington on Dec. 13, 1818, moved to IL in 1839. There, she met & married Abraham Lincoln. They visited here in fall of 1847. The Todds moved away after Mr. Todd died in the 1849 cholera epidemic.

(Subjects: Cholera | Inns | Lincoln, Abraham | Lincoln, Mary Todd)

Masterson's Station
(Marker Number: 10)

County:Fayette
Location: Masterson Station Park, US 421, Lexington

Description:Near here stood two-story log house built by Richard Masterson. This station was site of first Methodist church in Ky. In Masterson home, May 1790, Bishop Francis Asbury held the first Methodist Conference west of the Alleghenies. When Richard and Sarah Masterson moved to Port William (present-day Carrollton), they continued to lead Methodist activities.

(Subjects: Asbury, Bishop Francis | Bishops | Forts and Stations | Methodist Church)

Matthew H. Jouett (1788-1827)
(Marker Number: 1888)

County:Fayette
Location: Georgetown Rd. [US 25] & Nandino Blvd., Lexington

Description:Master portrait painter Matthew Harris Jouett was born in Mercer Co., a son of Capt. Jack Jouett. He graduated from Transylvania and studied law under Judge George M. Bibb. Served in War of 1812 as paymaster of infantry regiment. Vouchers were lost during battle, and Jouett was thrown into debt. After leaving army he abandoned law and devoted himself to art. Over.

(Reverse) Matthew H. Jouett (1788-1827) - Jouett was noted for his ability to paint men, women, and children equally well. His portraits reflect unusual ability to memorize faces. Depicted eminent people of era, including Lafayette. Jouett studied briefly with Gilbert Stuart in Boston. Struggled to support large family; paid war debt before he died at farm near Lexington. Judged one of Kentucky's greatest artists.

(Subjects: Artists | Bibb, George M. | Jouett, John "Jack" | Lafayette, Marquis de | Transylvania University | War of 1812)

Maxwell Place
(Marker Number: 2069)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, Rose St., Lexington

Description:Dennis Mulligan had Maxwell Place built in 1870-72 for his son, Judge James H. Mulligan and named for nearby Maxwell Springs. The property and Italianate home were purchased by UK in 1917 as the official president's residence. First occupied by President Frank L. McVey, it has served as home to every UK president since. Class of 2000.

(Reverse) Maxwell Place - Historically students lived at Maxwell Place, rooming in the attic or above the garage. Site of student events and host to visiting dignitaries, the home became a center of campus social life. Considered at one time for possible demolition, Maxwell Place was entered into the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. Class of 2000.

(Subjects: National Register of Historic Places | Springs | University of Kentucky)

Memorial Hall
(Marker Number: 2089)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, South Limestone St., Lexington

Description:Completed in 1929 as a memorial to Kentuckians who died in World War I. The building project was financed by statewide contributions. Rosters of the deceased are mounted on the interior walls. The building has become a symbol of the University of Kentucky. Class of 2002.

(Reverse) Memorial Hall - The interior contains a fresco, created by Ann Rice O'Hanlon in 1934 for the Public Works of Art Project, depicting historical events in central Kentucky. The Hall and its outdoor amphitheater continue to host many student gatherings, speeches, concerts, lectures, and memorial services. Class of 2002.

(Subjects: Artists | University of Kentucky | World War I)

Miller Hall 1898
(Marker Number: 1953)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus at Miller Hall, Lexington

Description:Originally named Science Hall, this structure was one of the first UK classroom buildings. In 1940 it was renamed to honor Arthur McQuiston Miller (1861-1929), first Dean of Arts and Sciences, professor of geology, and first football coach at UK. Made of pressed brick trimmed with Bowling Green limestone, Miller Hall is a typical college building of its time. Class of 1994.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Morgan House
(Marker Number: 3)

County:Fayette
Location: 201 N. Mill St., Lexington

Description:Home of John Hunt Morgan, "Thunderbolt of the Confederacy." Born Huntsville, Alabama, June 1, 1825. Killed Greeneville, Tennessee, September 4, 1864. Lieutenant, Kentucky Volunteers in Mexican War 1846-1847. Major General, C.S.A., 1861-1864.

(Subjects: Morgan, John Hunt)

Mt. Horeb Presbyterian Church
(Marker Number: 1687)

County:Fayette
Location: At Church, Iron Works Pike at Mt. Horeb Pike, Lexington

Description:This church was organized April 21, 1827, at nearby "Cabell's Dale," home of Mary Cabell Breckinridge, widow of John Breckinridge, U.S. Senator and Attorney General in Thomas Jefferson's cabinet. The original brick church, constructed in 1828 on this site, burned in 1925. Present building of similar design was dedicated in 1926. Presented by Kentucky Breckinridge Committee.

(Subjects: Jefferson, Thomas | Presbyterian Church)

Mt. Zion Presbyterian Church
(Marker Number: 16)

County:Fayette
Location: Short St., Lexington

Description:Here stood the pioneer church of Lexington, organized 1784. About 1795, the property passed to "Associate Reformed" Church. The Rev. Adam Rankin was minister from 1784 until his death in 1827.

(Subjects: Presbyterian Church)

Ohio Company of Virginia
(Marker Number: 20)

County:Fayette
Location: Russell Cave Pk., 5 mi. N of Lexington

Description:Southerly line of survey of 800,000 acres (nominally 200,000) made by Capt. Hancock Lee in 1775 for company formed in 1748 to acquire lands in Ohio Valley. A corner is S 70o E about 1 mile.

Old Morrison
(Marker Number: 1406)

County:Fayette
Location: Transylvania University campus, 3rd St., Lexington

Description:An early Greek Revival design by Kentucky architect Gideon Shryock. Trustee and teacher Henry Clay guided construction supported by bequest of Col. James Morrison. Work on building slowed by cholera epidemic of 1833. Dedication was Nov. 4, 1833. Damaged by fire 1969. Morrison was rededicated May 9, 1971. See over.

(Reverse) Transylvania Alumni - Jefferson Davis, John Hunt Morgan, Stephen F. Austin, Cassius M. Clay, Albert Sidney Johnston, James Lane Allen and John Fox, Jr., all were students here. Among past Transylvanians are two U.S. Vice-Presidents-Richard M. Johnson and John C. Breckinridge-50 U.S. Senators, 101 Representatives, three House Speakers, 36 Governors, and 34 Ambassadors. See over.

(Subjects: Architects | Breckinridge, John Cabell | Cholera | Clay, Cassius M. | Clay, Henry | Davis, Jefferson | Johnson, Richard M. | Johnston, Albert Sidney | Morgan, John Hunt | Shryock, Gideon | Transylvania University)

Oldest House in Lexington
(Marker Number: 1437)

County:Fayette
Location: 317 S. Mill St., Lexington

Description:Built in 1784 for Adam Rankin, minister of Lexington's pioneer Presbyterian Church. Samuel D. McCullough, born here in 1803, was a teacher, astronomer, antiquarian and maker of world-famous Burrowes mustard. In 1971, the Blue Grass Trust for Historic Preservation moved this house from its original location, at 215 West High Street, to prevent its destruction.

(Subjects: Lexington | Presbyterian Church)

Patterson Cabin
(Marker Number: 1613)

County:Fayette
Location: Near corner of 3rd & Broadway, Transylvania Univ. campus, Lexington

Description:Built by Robert Patterson prior to his marriage in April 1780 to Elizabeth Lindsay, this small cabin has been a home, servant's quarters and tool shed. It has had many sites, including original on Cane Run; farm of Patterson's grandson, Dayton, Ohio, 1901-1939; and several on Transylvania campus. Returned to Lexington by request of Kentucky, this city and D.A.R.

(Reverse) Col. Robert Patterson (1753-1827) - A large landholder, Patterson took part in founding Lexington, Cincinnati and Dayton. Chose site of Lexington, helped erect fort, April 1779, and laid off town; on Board of Trustees for many years. He helped charter Transylvania Univ. Urged separation from Va., 1784; elected representative from Fayette County, 1792, and served eight years. Moved to Dayton, 1803.

(Subjects: Lexington | Transylvania University)

Patterson Hall
(Marker Number: 2106)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, South Limestone St., Lexington

Description:Women first enrolled at UK in 1880. In 1888, Belle Clement Gunn became the first woman awarded a degree. Women students finally obtained campus housing in 1904, when this hall opened. Built specifically as a women's dormitory, it became the first building constructed off the main campus. Class of 2003.

(Reverse) Patterson Hall - Named for President James K. Patterson, whose brother, Walter, sought funding for the building and oversaw construction. UK's second president, Henry Stites Barker, lived in the dormitory during his presidency. The dorm became co-ed in the 1990s. It is the oldest UK dormitory still in existence. Class of 2003.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Pioneer Burying Ground
(Marker Number: 1552)

County:Fayette
Location: W. Main & Felix Sts., Lexington

Description:Lexington's first burial ground was on this site, part of "first hill" on route from fort toward Georgetown. In 1781, this square was set aside by town trustees for house of worship and graveyard. The cemetery was used until end of cholera epidemic in 1833. Since 1788, there have been four Baptist churches here. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Baptist Church | Cemeteries | Cholera | Lexington)

Pioneer Leaders Founded Church
(Marker Number: 1483)

County:Fayette
Location: Walnut Hill Rd., W. of US 25, Lexington

Description:General Levi Todd and the Reverend James Crawford were instrumental in the founding of Walnut Hill Presbyterian Church. Crawford organized church in 1785 on land given by Todd, one of founders of Lexington. First place of worship was a log cabin near the church cemetery, where Crawford is buried. Present church was built in 1801.

(Subjects: Presbyterian Church)

Polk's Infirmary / Mammoth Insurance Co.
(Marker Number: 2153)

County:Fayette
Location: 149 Deweese Street, Lexington

Description:Dr. John Polk, an African American physician in Lexington, practiced medicine at 166 Deweese St. before moving to 148 Deweese by 1921. Succeeding him in this building was Dr. J. R. Dalton. The infirmary served African Americans in area. In 1999, this former health center became the home of Lexington-Fayette County Urban League.

(Reverse) Founded 1915 in Louisville, Mammoth Life and Accident Ins. Co. opened district office at 149 Deweese. It offered employment opportunities and fair rates to African American community. At its peak, Mammoth had 750 employees and sold policies in eight states. In 1992 Mammoth merged with Atlanta Life and the Kentucky offices closed.

(Subjects: African American | Lexington | Physicians)

Pope Villa
(Marker Number: 2174)

County:Fayette
Location: 326 Grosvenor Ave., Lexington

Description:Built for Senator John and Eliza Pope. Designed by B.H. Latrobe (1764-1820), father of American architectural profession and designer to Thomas Jefferson. The Pope Villa has hidden first-story services, with rotunda and major rooms on second story. Latrobe’s most innovative surviving house. Restoration after a fire in 1987.

(Subjects: Architects)

Preston's Cave Spring
(Marker Number: 1557)

County:Fayette
Location: Dunkirk Dr., Lexington

Description:The stream in this valley emerges from a cave. It was part of l,000-acre Cave Spring Tract, on waters of South Elkhorn Creek, owned by Col. William Preston. The water is connected underground with sinking spring of William McConnell. Colonel Preston was official surveyor for Fincastle Co. who directed military surveys in Kentucky for colony of Virginia. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Creeks | McConnell, William)

Samuel Boone
(Marker Number: 952)

County:Fayette
Location: Gentry Rd., 1/4 mi. NE of Athens

Description:Grave of Samuel Boone, the eldest brother of Daniel Boone, renowned Kentucky pioneer. Samuel was born in Penna., May 20, 1728. Came to Kentucky from South Carolina in 1779 with his family and settled Boone's Station. He joined in defense of Bryan's Station, 1782. His son, Thomas, was killed at Battle of Blue Licks, 1782. He died here, 1816, at the age of 88.

(Subjects: Blue Licks, Battle of | Boone, Daniel | Forts and Stations | Indians)

Samuel Brown, M.D. (1769-1830)
(Marker Number: 1595)

County:Fayette
Location: 190 Market St. at Ridgely Bldg., Lexington

Description:This building was office of Dr. Samuel Brown, first professor of chemistry, anatomy and surgery at Transylvania Medical School. He was a pioneer in cowpox vaccination against smallpox and introduced it in Lexington, 1801. His scientific knowledge led him to apply steam distillation to the manufacture of whiskey. Presented by Samuel Brown Journal Club.

(Reverse) Dr. Samuel Brown - Dr. Brown's analyses led to the use of Kentucky cave nitre in manufacture of gunpowder. This added to Kentucky's role in winning War of 1812. Jefferson appointed him to advise Lewis and Clark Expedition on Indian lore. He was first man in the United States to envision a national medical organization. Presented by Samuel Brown Journal Club.

(Subjects: Jefferson, Thomas | Lewis and Clark Expedition | Transylvania University | War of 1812 | Physicians)

Sarah Blanding
(Marker Number: 2011)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, Blanding Tower, Lexington

Description:A 1923 U.K. graduate, Blanding (1898-1985) was President of Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority and Captain of the women's basketball team. After two years as Acting Dean, Blanding was named U.K. Dean of Women in 1925. She also taught political science. Class of 1997.

(Reverse) Sarah Blanding - Blanding left U.K. in 1941 to become Dean of the School of Home Economics at Cornell University. In 1946 she became Vassar College's first woman president, a position she held until 1964. In 1968 Blanding Tower was named in her honor. Class of 1997.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Sayre Female Institute/ David Austin Sayre
(Marker Number: 2197)

County:Fayette
Location: 194 North Limestone, Lexington

Description:On Nov. 1, 1854, David A. Sayre founded a school for women at this site named Transylvania Female Institute. School renamed Sayre Female Institute in 1855; boys admitted to the Primary Dept. in 1876. School renamed Sayre School in 1942. Graduates include suffragette Laura Clay, 1865, and Nobel Prize winner William N. Lipscomb, 1938.

(Reverse) Born in Madison, NJ, in 1793, Sayre moved to Lexington in 1811. A prominent silversmith and banker, he founded Sayre School to promote female education of "the widest range and highest order." A staunch Unionist during the Civil War, he now lies buried in the Lexington Cemetery.

(Subjects: Civil War | Schools | Women)

School of Medicine
(Marker Number: 1445)

County:Fayette
Location: 2nd & Broadway, Lexington

Description:Site of the world-renowned Medical Hall of Transylvania University. Erected 1839 and dedicated November 2, 1840. Massive building of Grecian architecture with facilities not surpassed at that time by any school in America or Europe. Constructed on a lot purchased for $5,000, of which citizens of Lexington contributed $3,000. Marker presented by George G. Greene, M.D.

(Reverse) School of Medicine - The magnificent structure built here was used by Transylvania University until Medical College disbanded in 1857. Building was destroyed by fire in 1863 while being used as military hospital by the Union Army. Over 6,400 of America's early physicians received training at Transylvania during its illustrious existence. Marker presented by George G. Greene, M.D.

(Subjects: Civil War | Transylvania University)

Scovell Hall
(Marker Number: 2009)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, Scovell Hall, Lexington,

Description:Named for M.A. Scovell in 1913, this building was opened in 1905, with major additions in 1913 and 1937. Utilizing a colonial design, it was the largest building on campus for many years. Served until mid-1990s as a center of agricultural research, extension programs, and academic activities. Class of 1998.

(Reverse) M.A. Scovell (1855-1912) - Melville Amasa Scovell, Ph.D., was named first director of the Experiment Station in 1885 and the first dean and director of the College of Agriculture in 1910. During his tenure, staff increased from 3 to 60, the number of departments grew from 2 to 11, and the agricultural farm expanded from 48.5 to 240 acres. Class of 1998.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

Silversmith Shop
(Marker Number: 1784)

County:Fayette
Location: Corner Mill & Short Sts., Lexington

Description:On this site, 1810-1838, was shop of Asa Blanchard, the most noted of Kentucky's silversmiths. Blanchard silver was as prized in Kentucky as that of Paul Revere in New England. Among his customers were the most prominent families in the Bluegrass. A master craftsman who trained many apprentices, Blanchard was a goldsmith as well as a watch and clockmaker. He died in 1838.

(Subjects: Silversmiths)

Site of First Kentucky Legislature
(Marker Number: 157)

County:Fayette
Location: US 421, Lexington

Description:Site of the first meeting of the General Assembly for the Commonwealth, the two sessions begun and held on Monday, June 4, and Monday, November 5, 1792. Isaac Shelby, Governor; James Brown, Secretary of State; John Logan, treasurer.

(Subjects: Governors | Shelby, Isaac)

South Elkhorn Christian Church
(Marker Number: 1636)

County:Fayette
Location: US 68, 5 mi. south of Lexington

Description:An outgrowth of Lewis Craig's "Traveling Church," this is oldest continuous congregation north of Ky. River. It arrived here from Gilbert's Creek in 1783. Originally Baptist, became Christian Church, ca. 1830, influenced by B. W. Stone and Alex. Campbell. Prominent pastors include Jacob Creath, Sr., Jacob Creath, Jr., and Elder John Smith. Present sanctuary rebuilt, 1870.

(Subjects: Campbell, Alexander | Christian Church | Creeks | Rivers)

Stoll Field
(Marker Number: 2262)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, Stoll Field near Patterson Dr., Lexington

Description:In 1880 the first college football game ever played in the South was held here at what was eventually named Stoll Field. It was dedicated in 1916 at the Kentucky vs. Vanderbilt game and was named in honor of alumnus and long-term Board of Trustees member Judge Richard C. Stoll. The field was the setting of early football games and an integral part of student life.

(Reverse) McLean Stadium- This field, which once pastured President Patterson’s cows, was used for military training during WWI and in 1924 it held McLean Stadium. It was named for Price McLean, an engineering student who was fatally injured in a football game in 1923. McLean Stadium was the site of Kentucky football games until they were moved to Commonwealth Stadium in 1972.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky | World War I | Sports)

Thomas D. Clark, 1903-2005
(Marker Number: 2232)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, behind the Main Bldg., Lexington

Description:A University of Mississippi graduate, Dr. Clark received his M.A. degree from UK and a Ph.D. from Duke. A historian at UK from 1931 to 1968, he chaired the history department for 23 years. Dr. Clark helped establish both the UK Libraries’ Special Collections and the University Press of Kentucky.

(Reverse) The author and editor of over thirty books, Dr. Clark had an influence that extended well beyond the UK campus. A former president of the Organization of American Historians, he was instrumental in the development of the state library and archives and the Kentucky History Center in Frankfort, which now bears his name.

(Subjects: Authors | Kentucky Historical Society | University of Kentucky | Teachers)

Thomas Hunt Morgan
(Marker Number: 1714)

County:Fayette
Location: 210 N. Broadway, Lexington

Description:Winner of 1933 Nobel Prize was born in Hunt-Morgan house, 1866; grew up here. A nephew of John Hunt Morgan, he attended State College of Ky. (Univ. of Ky.). Taught at Columbia Univ. and there, influenced by Mendel's work, left embryology, his main field, for genetics. Headed up research team studying inbreeding of fruit flies. Observing offspring led to discovery of genes. Over.

(Reverse) Genetic Research - Morgan's research team confirmed Mendel's laws, proved reality of gene as part of chromosome, showed sex determined by chromosomes, demonstrated dominant and recessive traits. At 62, Morgan went to Cal. Institute of Technology, Pasadena, as biology dept. head to research cell differentiation. Died there, 1945. University of Kentucky named new school of biological sciences for him.

(Subjects: Morgan, John Hunt | Schools | University of Kentucky)

Thomas Satterwhite Noble
(Marker Number: 1780)

County:Fayette
Location: 539 W. Third St., Lexington

Description:Boyhood home of prominent American historical painter and portraitist. Noble (1835-1907) was first Director of the Art Academy of Cincinnati. He studied in Louisville under Samuel W. Price, in France under Thomas Couture, and at the Munich Academy. His pupils include Paul Sawyier, Kentucky watercolorist, and Gutzon Borglum, sculptor of Mt. Rushmore. Presented by John Bradford Society.

(Subjects: Artists | Sculptors)

Todd House
(Marker Number: 11)

County:Fayette
Location: 578 W. Main St., Lexington

Description:Home of Mary Todd Lincoln from 1832 to 1839. To this house in after years she brought Abraham Lincoln and their children.

(Subjects: Lincoln, Abraham | Lincoln, Mary Todd)

Town Branch
(Marker Number: 1556)

County:Fayette
Location: Vine St., Lexington

Description:Under Vine Street flows the Town Branch of Elkhorn, the stream upon whose banks Lexington was established in 1779. Used in the early days to bring merchandise to Lexington from Ohio River. On Town Branch was launched Edward West's steamboat in 1793. Heavy floods troubled Lexington until a large underground channel was built in 1930s. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Creeks | Inventors | Lexington | Steamboats)

Transylvania Pavilion
(Marker Number: 1549)

County:Fayette
Location: Gratz Park, 253 Market St., Lexington

Description:This building was one of two dependencies for Transylvania University's elaborate, three-storied 1816 structure designed by Lexington architect Matthew Kennedy. Main building burned in 1829. Nine-bayed, it had center pavilion of 5 bays surmounted by a broad pediment. The hip roof had octagonal, baroque-manner cupola. Presented by Lexington-Fayette Co. Historic Commission.

(Subjects: Architects | Transylvania University)

Transylvania University
(Marker Number: 65)

County:Fayette
Location: W. 3rd St., Lexington

Description:Pioneer in higher education in Kentucky and west. Founded by The Commonwealth of Virginia, 1780. Located in Lexington since 1789.

(Subjects: Transylvania University)

U.S. President, A Day
(Marker Number: 1110)

County:Fayette
Location: Lansdowne Shopping Center, Tates Creek Rd., Lexington

Description:David R. Atchison born, 1807, in Frogtown, 21/4 miles S.W. Graduated, Transylvania Univ., 1825. Admitted to Ky. bar, 1829. Moved to Mo., 1830. U.S. Senator, 1843-55. As Pres. pro tem he became President of U.S., noon Sun., Mar. 4, 1849, end of Polk's term, until Taylor's inauguration, Mon., Mar. 5. He was an organizer of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad. Died, 1886.

(Subjects: Taylor, Zachary | Transylvania University)

U.S. Vice President
(Marker Number: 741)

County:Fayette
Location: Main St., Courthouse lawn, Lexington

Description:John Cabell Breckinridge, 1821-75, one of four Kentuckians-more than any other state, except New York-who were U.S. Vice Presidents. Others were Adlai E. Stevenson, Richard M. Johnson, and Alben W. Barkley. In U.S. Congress, 1851-55. Elected Vice-President in 1856. Candidate of Southern Democrats for President in 1860, carrying nine Southern States. See over.

(Reverse) Vice President, Cont. - Breckinridge served as a major of Kentucky Volunteers, Mexican War. Elected to U.S. Senate in 1860. Became brig. general Confederate Army, 1861, and was expelled from the Senate. In battles of Shiloh, Chattanooga, Murfreesboro, and others. Confederate Secretary of War, Feb. 1865 until surrender of Lee at Appomattox, April 1865. He was born and died in Lexington.

(Subjects: Barkley, Alben W. | Breckinridge, John Cabell | Mexican War | Vice Presidents )

Vertner Woodson Tandy, 1885-1949
(Marker Number: 2296)

County:Fayette
Location: 642 West Main Street, Lexington

Description:Born in Lexington, son of Henry A. Tandy, respected African American contractor. Attended the Chandler School, Tuskegee Institute, Cornell Univ. 1st registered black architect in New York State, where he built landmark homes & buildings. A founder of Alpha Phi Alpha, the oldest African American fraternity.

(Subjects: African American | Architects)

WBKY/WUKY
(Marker Number: 1966)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, McVey Hall, Lexington

Description:UK initiated radio broadcasting in 1929 in cooperation with WHAS radio in Louisville. Each weekday, live musical and educational programs were broadcast from the campus studios over WHAS. Later, WHAS and UK started radio "listening centers" in eastern Ky. Battery-powered radios gave residents public access to educational programs. Class of 1995.

(Reverse) WBKY/WUKY - In 1941, UK initiated radio broadcasting in Beattyville, Ky. WBKY broadcast educational programming for local residents. In 1944 UK established a radio station on the campus and WBKY began broadcasting from McVey Hall. Station call letters were changed from WBKY to WUKY in 1989. WBKY/WUKY is the oldest university-owned FM station in U.S. and Ky.'s first public radio station. Class of 1995.

(Subjects: University of Kentucky)

What's in a Name?
(Marker Number: 2289)

County:Fayette
Location: UK campus, White Hall Plaza, Lexington

Description:The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Kentucky (A&M) was established in 1865 as part of the private Kentucky University. In 1878, A&M separated from Kentucky University (now Transylvania University) to become an independent public institution. Lexington donated a 52-acre park south of downtown for a new campus, which is the present site of UK.

(Reverse) By 1880, the A&M College was commonly known as State College. A&M achieved university status in 1908 and was named State University, Lexington, Kentucky. In 1916, the legislature officially changed the name to University of Kentucky.

(Subjects: Lexington | University of Kentucky)

Wing Commander
(Marker Number: 1470)

County:Fayette
Location: Iron Works Pike, Jct. KY 1973 & Mt. Horeb Pike, Lexington

Description:Famous five-gaited saddle horse. Won first championship as 3-year-old in Chicago International Show. Undefeated for 7 yrs., 1948-54. Won over 200 championships at state fairs in 9 years of competition. Defeated only twice in lifetime. After retiring from show ring, he sired many world champions. Foaled at Dodge Stables, 1943. Trained and shown by Earl Teater.

(Reverse) Famous Saddle Horse (Photograph of Wing Commander)

(Subjects: Horses)

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2 year old, 1919
Futurity Grand Union Hotel Hopeful Hudson Keene Memorial	Tremont U.S. Hotel Youthful Purse Race, at Belmont
Won all entered as a 2 year old, except second in Sanford Memorial. 3 year old, 1920:
Belmont Dwyer Jockey Club Kenilworth Gold Cup Lawrence Realization Miller	Potomac Preakness Stuyvesant Travers Withers
Won all entered as a 3 year old, eight in record time. Plaque presented by The Thoroughbred Club of America.